Objective: The aim of the study was to report the perception of the care givers of the patients who have come across clinical pharmacists in their treatment course in a developing country like Pakistan. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted in leading tertiary health care settings of Pakistan from March 2013 to November 2013 which targeted the care givers of patients treated in those ...

Maintaining equitable social relations often requires reciprocating “in kind” for others’ prosocial favors. Such “in kind” reciprocity requires assessing the value of a prosocial action, an assessment that can lead to egocentric biases in perceived value between favor givers versus favor receivers. In any prosocial exchange, one person (the giver) incurs a cost to provide a benefit for another ...

Prosocial behaviors typically benefit those who perform them but can create mixed emotions in recipients. Yet, how does prosociality affect the well-being of those who merely observe it? The current study aimed to answer this question by experimentally prompting employees to perform prosocial acts at work (Givers), be the recipient of such acts (Receivers), or to do neither (Observers). Our foc...

This study was conducted in order to observe interactions among twenty children living in a sheltered home and their care-givers. Using ethnographic methodology, these children (between ten months and five years old) were observed during half-hour meetings held twice a week for three and a half months. The findings indicate a lack of training among the care-givers, reflected in verbal hostility...

Gift-giving involves both the objective value of a gift and the symbolic meaning of the exchange. The objective value is sometimes considered of secondary importance as when people claim, "It's the thought that counts." We evaluated when and how mental state inferences count in gift exchanges. Because considering another's thoughts requires motivation and deliberation, we predicted gift givers'...

Schizophrenia is the one of the severest form of psychiatric disorder. The disorder affects not only the patient but the family also. This study is performed to assess the burden faced by care givers of schizophrenic patients. Family burden interview schedule was used in this study. There were forty patients in study, twenty six male and fourteen female. Forty caregivers were interviewed for as...

BACKGROUND Globally, there was an estimated number of 287,000 maternal deaths in 2010. Eighty five percent (245,000) of these deaths occurred in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia. Among the causes of these deaths were obstructed and prolonged labour which could be prevented by cost effective and affordable health interventions like the use of the partograph. The Use of the partograph is a we...