Atactic polystyrene (PS) has an amorphous structure. Compounds such as H2SO4 and SO3 are commonly used as sulfonating agents for various polymers, including PS. The main purpose of this work is to study chemical structural changes in PS arising from sulfonation through DSC analysis and NMR spectroscopy. An increase in the glass transition temperature (Tg) of sulfonated polystyrene and a decreas...

Sulfonic acid functionalized SBA-15 (SBA-Pr-SO3H) with pore size 6 nm as an efficient heterogeneous nanoporous solid acid catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity in the Biginelli-like reaction in the synthesis of spiroheterobicyclic rings with good yield and good recyclability. Spiro-pyrimidinethiones/spiro-pyrimidinones-barbituric acid derivatives were synthesized in a simple and efficient ...

Self-assembled monolayers of alkylsiloxanes supported on poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) rubber were used as model systems to study the relation between blood compatibility and surface composition. The inner lumen of PDMS tubes were first treated with an oxygen plasma. The resultant oxidized surfaces were post-derivatized by reaction with alkyltrichlorosilanes to form the monolayer films. The alk...

Covalent coupling of sulfonic group (-SO 3H) was attempted on different polymers to evaluate efficacy of this functional group in inducing nucleation of apatite in body environment, and thereupon to design a simple biomimetic process for preparing bonelike apatite-polymer composites. Substrates of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycaprolactam (Nylon 6), high molecular weight polyethylene (H...

Pristine multiwall carbon nanotubes [MWCNTs] have been functionalized with various groups (-COOH, -SO3H, -PO3H2) using different single- and double-step chemical routes. Various chemical treatments were given to MWCNTs using hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric, and sulphuric acids, followed by a microwave treatment. The effect of the various chemical treatments and the dispersion using a surfactan...

Post-grafting methodologies were used to prepare aryl-organosulfonic acid functionalized silica nanoparticles (SO3H-aryl-SiO2NPs) as highly active heterogeneous catalysts for catalytic esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) and levulinic (LA), aldol condensation furfural with 3-methylfuran, well known renewable feedstocks biodiesel fuel additives production. The chemical structural characteri...

The conversion of biomass resources into high-value fuels and chemicals using thermochemical methods has become an attractive method energy utilization. In this study, natural minerals were used as raw materials; the acidic sites introduced by ball-milling modification, aldol condensation reaction biomass-based cyclopentanone molecule was carried out under solvent-free conditions. It found that...

In this study, carbon-silica based acid catalysts derived from rice husks (RH) were successfully synthesised using microwave (MW) technology. The results showed that MW sulphonation produced Sulphur (S) content of 17.2–18.5 times higher than in raw RH. Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) peak at 1035 cm?1 which corresponded to O?S?O stretching sulphonic (-SO3H) group. XRD sulfonated ...

In this article, simple, convenient synthesis of 2-aryl-1- arylmethyl-1H-1,3-benzimidazole (1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles) via condensation of 1,2-phenylenediamine and aromatic aldehydes using SBA-Pr-SO3H as a nanoporous solid acid catalyst in green protocol was reported.

Kaolin-SO3H as a new solid acid is prepared via reaction of kaolin and chlorosulfonic acid. This natural based catalyst is very inexpensive and easy available. Imidazoles are an important class of heterocycles being the core fragment of different natural products and biological systems such as anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antifungal, antimycotic, antibiotic, antiulcerative, anti...