Identifying genes that are differentially expressed between classes of samples is an important objective of many microarray experiments. Because of the thousands of genes typically considered, there is a tension between identifying as many of the truly differentially expressed genes as possible, but not too many genes that are not really differentially expressed (false discoveries). Controlling...

Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP), a high-energy glycolytic pathway intermediate, is reported to have a salutary effect in endotoxic shock and sepsis, but its underlying mechanism of action in inflammation is incompletely understood. In this study, our aim was to examine the function of FDP on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We found that in vitro pretreatment with FDP...

Inhibition of glycolytic metabolism may provide a new therapy for refractory epilepsy. Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP), which inhibits glycolysis and diverts glucose into the pentose phosphate pathway, has strong inhibitory action on seizures induced by chemical convulsants. Here, we investigated the effect of FDP on a rat model of rapid hippocampal kindling. After determining the after-discharg...

To optimize the “Face-to-face Double Probe (FDP)” method, which is proposed by the authors to measure the Mach number of a plasma flow [Saitou and Tsushima, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, L1387 (2001)], performances of an FDP have been investigated focusing on a characteristic length of a pair of electrodes using a two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. Resulting from the simulation, both the ch...

PURPOSE Recent evidence suggests that neuroglial dysfunction and degeneration contributes to the etiology and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs) have been implicated in the pathology of various diseases, including diabetes and several neurodegenerative disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible link between the accumul...

Background—Little is known about the coagulation factors as predictors of cerebral bleeding in rt-PA thrombolysis. The aim of this study was to determine what early coagulation parameters could predict early hemorrhagic lesions. Methods—Consecutive patients were included in the Lyon rt-PA protocol. Early hematomas (within 24 hours), diagnosed on an anatomoradiological basis (symptomatic and not...

The false discovery proportion (FDP) is a useful measure of abundance of false positives when a large number of hypotheses are being tested simultaneously. Methods for controlling the expected value of the FDP, namely the false discovery rate (FDR), have become widely used. It is highly desired to have an accurate prediction interval for the FDP in such applications. Some degree of dependence a...

BACKGROUND The flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) are critical for finger flexion. Although research has recently focused on these tendons' coactivity, their contributions in different tasks remain unclear. This study created a novel simultaneous approach to investigate the coactivity between the tendons and to clarify their contributions in different task...

there have been sparse reports in literature of avulsion and degloving injuries of individual areas of face like the nose, eyelids, ear and even mandible. hemi-facial degloving is extremely rare. we present a case of post-assault degloving of the nose, part of forehead with anterior wall of frontal sinus, entire upper and lower eyelids and the cheek. proper planning and staging of the surgical ...

Multiple testing methods to control the False Discovery Rate (FDR), the expected proportion of falsely rejected null hypotheses among all rejections) have received much attention. It can be valuable instead to control not the mean of this false discovery proportion (FDP) but the probability that the FDP exceeds a specified bound. In this paper, we construct a general class of methods for exceed...