OBJECTIVE To compare in vitro expression of beta 1, beta 3, and beta 4 integrins in normal fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FBS) and in FBS from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium and to investigate the adhesion of normal FBS and RA-FBS to the integrin binding extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins: collagen type IV, fibronectin, laminin, and tenascin. METHODS Expression of integrin receptors of cu...

Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is depended upon by investigators as an indispensable supplement in cell and tissue culture systems. Due to increased demand and limited availability, the price of FBS has increased by greater than 300% in the past few years. In addition, there are ethical and scientific controversies about the collection and use of FBS in culture systems. In response to the shortage of...

The decay constants of the pseudoscalar mesons B and Bs are evaluated from QCD sum rules for the pseudoscalar two-point function. Recently calculated perturbative three-loop QCD corrections are incorporated into the sum rule. An analysis in terms of the bottom quark pole mass turns out to be unreliable due to large higher order radiative corrections. On the contrary, in the MS scheme the higher...

This talk summarizes the quenched calculation of fB and fBs presented in [1]. The heavy quark is simulated using an O(1/M) improved NRQCD action, and the tadpole improved clover action is used for the light quarks. The axial current includes the O(1/M) corrections in one-loop perturbation theory and the O(1/M) ones at tree-level. We discuss the various systematic effects and consistency checks ...

This paper introduces new tree-structured uniform-band and octave-band digital 'lter banks (FBs). These FBs make use of half-band IIR 'lters in the analysis FBs and FIR 'lters in the synthesis FBs. The resulting FBs are asymmetric in the sense that the analysis FB has a very low arithmetic complexity whereas that in the synthesis FB is higher. However, compared with other asymmetric FBs, the pr...

Fetal bovine serum (FBS) has been used in eukaryotic cell cultures for decades. However, little attention has been paid to the biological effects associated with RNA content of FBS on cell cultures. Here, using RNA sequencing, we demonstrate that FBS contains a diverse repertoire of protein-coding and regulatory RNA species, including mRNA, miRNA, rRNA, and snoRNA. The majority of them (>70%) a...

Dendritic cells (DC) have been investigated as a cell-based therapy for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). BM-DC expanded ex vivo with GM-CSF and IL-4 is typically cultured with fetal bovine serum (FBS). The effect of FBS on NOD BM-DC has not been extensively studied. In the present study we compare BM-DC generated in serum-free culture media (X-VIVO20; FBS-) with BM-DC generated in media containing 10% FB...

The increase in the amount of airway smooth muscle in the bronchial wall associated with asthma is partly due to hyperplasia. It is therefore important to determine which factors regulate growth and especially proliferation. In this study, we describe the effect of interleukin-4 (IL-4), a mast cell- and T lymphocyte-derived cytokine, on human airway smooth muscle proliferation as determined by ...