The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle important for protein synthesis and folding, lipid synthesis and Ca(2+) homoeostasis. Consequently, ER stress or dysfunction affects numerous cellular processes and has been implicated as a contributing factor in several pathophysiological conditions. Tunicamycin induces ER stress in various cell types in vitro as well as in vivo. In mice, a hallma...

Fatty infiltration of the liver may be produced experimentally in animals by various means, including dietary restriction of proteins, of choline or choline precursors, or of vitamins, as well as the use of hepatotoxins (1). The lesions produced may progress to a pathologic picture resembling that of cirrhosis in human beings. Although it is not universally agreed that the pathogenesis of human...

Pathological and metabolic alterations co-exist and co-develop in the progression of chronic pancreatitis (CP). The aim of the present study was to investigate the metabolic characteristics and disease severity of a rat model of CP in order to determine associations in the observed pathology and the metabolites of CP using high-resolution magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectros...

non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is a form of chronic hepatitis. fatty degeneration may involve liver focally or as a whole. the patient was a 41-year-old woman who was diabetic and admitted in buali hospital in ghazvin because of right flank pain, fever, vomiting and diarrhea. the patient was treated as pyelonephriris. liver function tests were as below: alt: 62 (40) ast: 54 (40), alkaline phosoh...

Current teaching is that fatty infiltration into the myocardium (lipomatosis or cor adiposum) rarely aVects cardiac function. This may not be entirely true. Rupture during acute myocardial infarction has certainly been shown to be more common in the fatty heart. Fat infiltrating in the region of the conduction system is responsible for causing sudden death. Furthermore, it is possible for lipom...

The clinical features of 17 patients with benign urachal masses and 30 patients with urachal carcinoma treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate analysis indicated that seven parameters differed significantly between the two groups. Binary logistic regression analyses showed that the rate of gross hematuria was significantly higher (P = 0.042, Exp...