introduction saffron (crocus sativus l.) is a subtropical plant mostly cultivated in south khorasan and khorasan razavi provinces, iran. total saffron production is about 200 ton all over the world, and since it is native to iran, the country has an important role to produce saffron. in recent years, drought showed a significant effect on water resources in birjand, south khorasan. due to lack ...

Based on surface radiation balance data and meteorological observations at 19 radiation stations in China from 1993 to 2012, we assessed the applicability of seven empirical formulas for the estimation of monthly surface net long-wave radiation (Rnl). We then established a revised method applicable to China by re-fitting the formula using new observational data. The iterative solution method an...

Abstract Natural and planted grasslands play a very important role in agriculture as source of various ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration biodiversity, are responsible for large fraction agricultural water use rainfed irrigated fields. It is, therefore, relevant to precisely know their vegetation requirements with consideration climate, from extremely cold, dry, long winter seas...

Numerous methodologies and technologies of varying levels sophistication for irrigation rate determination have been developed over the years to address limited water availability optimize productivity. Crop evapotranspiration is currently evaluated mostly according FAO56 approach, which has augmented in recent with remote sensing correlated plant indices. When no other information available, d...

This work was made with mature ‘Manzanilla’ olive trees in an orchard of a semi-arid area in southern Spain. Three water treatments were considered: Rainfed, in which the trees had rainfall as the only source of water supply; FAO, in which the trees were under localized irrigation to replace the crop water demand, with some roots left in drying soil; Pond, in which the whole rootzones of the tr...