1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran [email protected] 2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran [email protected] ABSTRACT In this paper the real time operation of an automatic teller machine (ATM) is analyzed using a Timed Petri Net (TPN) model. In the modeling, the probabili...

The question whether material implication is a proper translation of “if ... then ...” in conditional sentences has been known and discussed as “material implication paradox”. The source of this paradox comes from the interpretation of material implication that any falsehood, or contradiction, entails every proposition. For example, consider truth conditions of the conditional sentence (1) and ...

In this paper we present a framework to model falsehood in a system. A falsehood or lie is an intended false positive announced by a principal with an objective to deceive other principals. An utterance of lie is said to be successful if other principals believe it. The framework introduced in this paper is essentially a combination of operational model and epistemic model allowing us to expres...

Body Solar system bodies are observed at many scattering angles. The reflection and polarization change withphase angle of light scattered from particulates has been studied for a century in the lab in efforts tounderstand clouds, aerosols, planetary ring systems and planetary regoliths. These effects must beunderstood in order to infer surface properties from astronomical data. The...

This paper studies, in a comprehensive manner, diierent aspects of extended disjunctive logic programs, that is, programs whose clauses are of the form l 1 not is the negation-by-default operator. The explicit use of classical negation suggests the introduction of a new truth value, namely, logical falsehood (in contrast to falsehood-by-default) in the semantics. General techniques are describe...

Co-I Braun was on extended family leave for much of this quarter, due to the birth of his daughter on May 10. Other members spent considerable time preparing for, and attending, a number of summer workshops and conferences. These included the conference on “MHD Waves and oscillations in solar magnetic structures” in Palma de Mallorca, Spain (May 29 Jun 1), the SPD meeting in Durham, New Hampshi...

Abstract The paper makes two points. First, any theory of knowledge must explain the difference between cases from falsehood (provided there are any) and Gettier where subject relies on reasoning falsehood. Second, closeness-to-the-truth approach to explaining knowledge-yielding knowledge-suppressing falsehoods does not hold up scrutiny.

Stephen Read has advanced a solution of certain semantic paradoxes recently, based on the work of Thomas Bradwardine. One consequence of this approach, however, is that if Socrates utters only ‘Socrates utters a falsehood’ (a), while Plato says ‘Socrates utters a falsehood’ (b), then, for Bradwardine two different propositions are involved on account of (a) being self-referential, while (b) is ...