Many tasks are subject to failure before completion. Two of the most common failure recovery strategies are restart and checkpointing. Under restart, once a failure occurs, it is restarted from the beginning. Under checkpointing, the task is resumed from the preceding checkpoint after the failure. We study asymptotic efficiency of restart for an infinite sequence of tasks, whose sizes form a st...

The aim of this study is to show that the measures derived from Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals many a time perform better than the same measures obtained from heart rate (HR) signals. A comparison was made to investigate how far the nonlinear symbolic dynamics approach helps to characterize the nonlinear properties of ECG signals and HR signals, and thereby discriminate between normal and cong...

to the editor; tramadol, a synthetic opioid is mainly used to treat acute and chronic pain. although this drug is not an over-the-counter medication, it has been illicitly accessible to and abused by opium addicts (1-3). studies showed excessive and widespread use of tramadol in iran (1-4). tramadol may cause constipation, drowsiness, tachycardia and respiratory distress, while the most severe ...

background: acute renal failure describes as a syndrome by rapid decline in the ability of the kidney to eliminate waste products, regulate acid–base balance, and manage water homeostasis. when this impairment is prolonged and entered chronic phase, erythropoietin secretion by this organ is decreasing and toxic metabolic accumulates and causes hematological changes include decrease of hct, mcv ...

The objective of this study was to verify and validate an enhanced cervical spine segment finite element model to predict tissue-level failure under tension and compression loading. The predicted failure locations were representative of reported cervical spine injuries, and the predicted peak failure forces were within the reported experimental corridors. The displacement to failure of the tens...

Under certain circumstances, implicit, automatic learning may be attenuated by explicit memory processes. We explored the brain basis of this phenomenon in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of motor sequence learning. Using a factorial design that crossed subjective intention to learn (explicit versus implicit) with sequence difficulty (a standard versus a more complex altern...

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes O, A and Asia1 are responsible for a significant number of disease outbreaks in Iraq. The current study can be considered as the first molecular characterization of serotype Asia1 in Iraq. The present investigation reports the detection of serotype FMDV Asia1 from local farms in Sulaimani districts in 2012 and 2014 outbreaks. Phylogenetic analysis o...

Research based on self-determination theory (SDT; E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan, 1985, 2000) has shown that motivation is influenced by the social environment and also leads to outcomes. Based on such research, R. J. Vallerand (1997) has posited the existence at different levels of generality of an integrated motivational sequence where environmental factors (e.g., success/failure) influence percepti...

The determination of the point of failure during an accident sequence of a rear leaf spring in a sport utility vehicle is presented in terms of fracture surface analysis and residual-strength estimates. Marks at the scene of the accident pointed to two possibilities for the point of failure: marks in the roadway at the start of the accident sequence and a rock strike near the end of the sequenc...