The reconstitution reaction of glucose oxidase from FAD and apoenzyme was studied : (1) Unimolecular reaction takes part in the reaction of glucose apooxidase with FAD as a rate limiting step. (2) At the very initial stage of the reaction, intensity of the fluorescence derived from FAD was observed to increase rapidly and to be quenched slowly after reaching the maximum state. (3) When glucose ...

BACKGROUND Vitamin B(2) exists in blood as riboflavin and its cofactors, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and FAD. The erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRAC) has traditionally been used to assess vitamin B(2) status in humans. We investigated the relationships of EGRAC and plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of riboflavin, FMN, and FAD in elderly volunteers and their resp...

Flavoenzymes are versatile biocatalysts containing either FAD or FMN as cofactor. FAD often binds to a Rossmann fold, while FMN prefers a TIM-barrel or flavodoxin-like fold. Proline dehydrogenase is denoted as an exception: it possesses a TIM barrel-like fold while binding FAD. Using a riboflavin auxotrophic Escherichia coli strain and maltose-binding protein as solubility tag, we produced the ...

The influence of multiple anchored fish aggregating devices (FADs) on the spatial behavior of yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye tuna (T. obesus) was investigated by equipping all thirteen FADs surrounding the island of Oahu (HI, USA) with automated sonic receivers (‘‘listening stations’’) and intra-peritoneally implanting individually coded acoustic transmitters in 45 yellowfin and 12 bi...

Experience of mice in a complex environment enhances neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of wild type and transgenic mice harboring familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD)-linked APPswe/PS1ΔE9. In FAD mice, this experience also reduces levels of tau hyperphosphorylation and oligomeric β-amyloid. Although environmental enrichment has significant effects on brain plasticity and neu...

In the field of social sciences, significance and utility comprehensive family assessment instruments are becoming increasingly apparent. The McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD) is an instrument that has demonstrated significant value in discerning measuring dynamics. This conceptual paper devoted to a analysis FAD, elucidating its applicability within realm science research. From January 2...

The influence of multiple anchored fish aggregating devices (FADs) on the spatial behavior of yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye tuna (T. obesus) was investigated by equipping all thirteen FADs surrounding the island of Oahu (HI, USA) with automated sonic receivers (‘‘listening stations’’) and intra-peritoneally implanting individually coded acoustic transmitters in 45 yellowfin and 12 bi...

Background: Unhealthy western dietary patterns lead to over-consumption of fat and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and these account for the developments of obesity, diabetes, and related metabolic disorders. Certain amino acids (AAs) have been recently demonstrated to improve glycemia and reduce adiposity. Therefore, our primary aims were to examine whether feeding an isoleucine-enrich...

Point mutations in the amyloid-β (Aβ) coding region produce a combination of mutant and WT Aβ isoforms that yield unique clinicopathologies in familial Alzheimer's disease (fAD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (fCAA) patients. Here, we report a method to investigate the structural variability of amyloid deposits found in fAD, fCAA, and sporadic AD (sAD). Using this approach, we demonstrate that...

Throughout society there are instances of seemingly irrational imitative behavior, or fads. Everyone can identify a fad when they see one yet there is no comprehensive economic theory to explain their origins or demise. There are several theories that discuss why people replicate the choices of other agents in the economy, but none that are specific to the lifecycle of a fad. This paper is able...