Several strategies are used to explain emergent interaction patterns in agent-based simulations. A distinction can be made between simulations in which the agents just behave in a reactive way, and simulations involving agents with also pro-active (goal-directed) behavior. Pro-active behavior is more variable and harder to predict than reactive behavior, and therefore it might be harder to expl...

This paper proposes a view on the relationships between explanation and context. First, we install the background of our proposal. This background comprises two parts: the consideration of explanations in knowledge-based systems, and a preliminary observation of relationships between explanations and context. We comment briefly previous works on explanations in order to point out what is reusab...

In this paper, employing VAR and factor analytic models with quarterly U.K. sectoral business investment data, we show that both common and sector–specific shocks play important roles in explaining business investment fluctuations. JEL: C32, E22, E32.

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to design and develop the Perception Scale of Barriers to Contraceptive Use (PSBCU) as a measurement tool for the qualitative assessment of the barriers and obstacles women perceived with regard to contraceptive use or low rates of contraceptive use in women using family planning services. METHOD The data for this methodological study were collected ...

We decompose the factor content of trade into Heckscher–Ohlin–Vanek trade and Ricardian trade. We measure factor content using only the United States' technology and also as Leontief advocated, using the local technology. In either case, differences in endowments are quite important in explaining the factor content of trade. If one uses raw estimated coefficients as a means of comparison, diffe...

Abstract: This paper presents a one factor and a two factor arbitrage-free interest rate models with parsimonious implied volatility functions. The models are empirically tested on the entire swaption surface in three currencies (U. S. dollar, Euro and Japanese yen) over a five year period. They are shown to be robust in explaining the swaption values, and the implied volatility functions are s...

Angio- and lymphangiogenesis are inherently related processes. However, how blood and lymphatic vessels regulate each other is unknown. This work introduces a novel mechanism explaining the temporal and spatial relation of blood and lymphatic vessels. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) surprisingly reduced VEGF-C in the supernatant of blood vessel endothelial cells, suggesting growth...

Angioand lymphangiogenesis are inherently related processes. However, how blood and lymphatic vessels regulate each other is unknown. This work introduces a novel mechanism explaining the temporal and spatial relation of blood and lymphatic vessels. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) surprisingly reduced VEGF-C in the supernatant of blood vessel endothelial cells, suggesting growth f...