introduction: the systemic and local content of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines play substantial roles in pathophysiology of arthritis. this study was purposed to verify the roles of synovial tnf-α, il-6 and fractalkine (fkn) in edema changes during different stages of complete freund’s adjuvant (cfa)-induced knee arthritis in rats. methods: 168 male wistar rats were divided in 7 groups a...

For a frame $L$, consider the $f$-ring $ mathcal{F}_{mathcal P}L=Frm(mathcal{P}(mathbb R), L)$. In this paper, first we show that each minimal ideal of $ mathcal{F}_{mathcal P}L$ is a principal ideal generated by $f_a$, where $a$ is an atom of $L$. Then we show that if $L$ is an $mathcal{F}_{mathcal P}$-completely regular frame, then the socle of $ mathcal{F}_{mathcal P}L$ consists of those $f$...

The interaction between complement fragment C3d and complement receptor 2 (CR2) is a key aspect of complement immune system activation, and is a component in a link between innate and adaptive immunities. The complement immune system is an ancient mechanism for defense, and can be found in species that have been on Earth for the last 600 million years. However, the link between the complement s...

The association of complement component C3d with B or T cell complement receptor 2 (CR2 or CD21) is a link between innate and adaptive immunity. It has been recognized in experimental studies that the C3d-CR2 association is pH- and ionic strength-dependent. This led us to perform electrostatic calculations to obtain a theoretical understanding of the mechanism of C3d-CR2 association. We used th...

In this paper, we define and study the notion of the real-valued functions on a frame $L$. We show that $F(L) $, consisting of all frame homomorphisms from the power set of $mathbb{R}$ to a frame $ L$, is an $f$-ring, as a generalization of all functions from a set $X$ into $mathbb R$. Also, we show that $F(L) $ is isomorphic to a sub-$f$-ring of $mathcal{R}(L)$, the ring of real-valued continu...

Complement receptor type 2 (CR2)/CD21 is a B lymphocyte cell membrane C3d/iC3b receptor that plays a central role in the immune response. Human CR2 is also the receptor for the EBV viral membrane glycoprotein gp350/220. Both C3d and gp350/220 bind CR2 within the first two of 15-16 repetitive domains that have been designated short consensus/complement repeats. Many mAbs react with human CR2; ho...

background: the relationship between socio demographic status and health related quality of life (hrqol) has not been well documented in most population of asian countries including iran. this study aimed to investigate the determinants of hrqol in general population living in bandar abbas. methods:   this cross sectional study was conducted among general population living in bandar abass , ira...

Anion photoelectron spectroscopy of C3H- and C3D- is performed using both field-free time-of-flight and slow electron velocity-map imaging. We observe and assign transitions originating from linear/bent (l-C3H) and cyclic (c-C3H) anionic isomers to the corresponding neutral ground states and low-lying excited states. Transitions within the cyclic and linear manifolds are distinguished by their ...

Complement activation plays a major role in many acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. C3d, a terminal product of complement activation, remains covalently attached to cells and is an excellent biomarker of complement-mediated inflammation. We employed a virtual high-throughput screening protocol to identify molecules with predicted binding to complement C3d and with intrinsic fluorescence...

background: spermatogonial stem cells (sscs), a subset of undifferentiated type a spermatogonia, are the foundation of complex process of spermatogenesis and could be propagated in vitro culture conditions for long time for germ cell transplantation and fertility preservation. objective: the aim of this study was in vitro propagation of human spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) and improvement of ...