• Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was first identified by its most obvious feature: rapid eye movements occurring during sleep. In most adult mammals the electroencephalogram (EEG) of the neocortex is low in voltage during REM sleep. The hippocampus exhibits regular high-voltage theta waves throughout REM sleep. • The key brain structure for generating REM sleep is the brainstem, particularly th...

An 8-year-old girl presented with opsoclonus-like eye movement and an 18 month history of intermittent facial tics. Investigations were all normal. Electro-oculography showed the eye movements to be of variable amplitude (10-40 degrees), with no intersaccadic interval, and with a frequency of 3-4 Hz. Saccades, smooth pursuit, optokinetic, and vestibular reflexes were all normal. These abnormal ...

It is well-known that eye movements are central to visual perception [1]. Visual acuity decreases dramatically in the periphery of vision, and precise eye movements to specific locations are vital to foveate objects of interest and identify them with high accuracy [1–4]. Given the importance of eye movements for visual perception, there has been a surge of interest in the topic, with numerous s...

We examined the nature of eye-hand coupling for the fast correction of on-going arm reaching movements in response to an abrupt target jump. We found a significant correlation between the onset times of eye and arm responses. Importantly, the initial component of the reaching correction was affected by a saccade occurrence even though the onset of reaching correction was prior to the saccade on...