introduction accurate estimation of the absorbed dose in radiosensitive organs, located away from the target volume during radiotherapy, is one of the main reasons for the development of reference phantoms. the international commission on radiological protection (icrp) reference phantoms can provide a more realistic view of the human anatomy in comparison with the previously used mathematical p...

a variety of nervous system components such as medulla, pons, midbrain, cerebellum, basal ganglia, parietal, frontal and occipital lobes have role in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (emdr) processes. the eye movement is done simultaneously for attracting client's attention to an external stimulus while concentrating on a certain internal subject. eye movement guided by therap...

The problem of eye detection in face images is very important for a large number of applications ranging from face recognition to gaze tracking. In this paper we propose a new algorithm for eyes detection. First, the face region is extracted from the image by skin-color information. Second, horizontal projection in image is used to approximate region of the eye be obtained . At last, the eye ce...

Introduction Proton therapy is used to treat malignant tumors such as melanoma inside the eye. Proton particles are adjusted according to various parameters such as tumor size and position and patient’s distance from the proton source. The purpose of this study was to assess absorbed doses in eyes and various tumors found in the area of sclera and choroid and the adjacent tissues in radiotherap...

a 65–yrs-old man referred for an ocular discomfort and red eye. the clinical diagnosis was leech in the left eye and its species confirmed as being limnatis nilotica . ocular leech infestation should be considered in patients with a history of swimming or washing their face in streams and lakes. attention should also be given to ocular leech infestation in the differential diagnosis of ocular t...

purpose : to assess the results of 1-minute and 5-minute schirmer's test (st) when the eyes are open (sto) and closed (stc) in normal participants. methods : in a comparative, observational case series study, 34 normal volunteers were included in the study. inclusion criteria were normal ophthalmologic findings except for refractive errors, no use of contact lenses, no history of previous ...

Introduction International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has provided a comprehensive discussion on threshold dose for radiation-induced cataract in ICRP publication 116. Accordingly, various parts of the eye lens have different radio-sensitivities. Recently, some studies have been performed to develop a realistic eye model with the aim of providing accurate estimation of fluence...

Background: Cataracts are the leading diseases that cause blindness. Cataracts can be treated with surgery. Pain, itching, burning, and a foreign body sensation in the eye are common ocular complaints of patients in recovery. In this study, we compared the effect of Ketorolac eye drops and naphazoline antazoline eye drops on reducing complaints of surgery. Methods: This randomized clinical tri...