There are several challenges for ABE fermentation to be used in an industrial scale including the low of butanol yield, high energy requirement separation and purification, competeness sugar with food demand as substrat. In this study, techno-economical aspects by using immobilized cells large extractant volume were studied. Overall production process was designed rice straw raw material which ...

In this study, a flexible optimization approach is introduced to design an optimal biocompatible solvent for an extractive fermentation process with cell-recycling. The optimal process/solvent design problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model in which performance requirements of the compounds are reflected in the objectives and the constraints. A flexible or fuzzy opti...

The seasonal variation of water soluble extractive alcohol soluble extractive and ether soluble extractive have been investigated in leaves, wood and bark of Sesbania grandiflora, Sesbania bispinosa and Sesbania cannabina. Comparative account of water soluble extractive of leaves, wood and bark of Sesbania grandiflora was showed high level (range 4.2 to 5.8 %) than Sesbania bispinosa (range 3.3...

Various organic compounds used as diluents, modifiers and extractants in lactic acid extraction have been tested to determine their toxicity towards Lactobacillus casei cells. The toxicity on molecular and phase level has been investigated. In general, the tested hydrocarbons were non-toxic on molecular level and showed variable toxicity on phase level. Among the tested alcohols octanol and ole...

There is mixed evidence regarding the relationship between the extractive intensity of economic activity and the level of human development. Some studies find that mineraland energy-intensive economies have higher levels of development than economies without a substantial extractive sector, whereas others find that they have lower development levels. Those that find the negative relationship co...

In general, morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties of fungal cells are drastically different among solid-state (SSC), liquid-surface (LSC), and submerged cultivation (SmC) systems. In addition to these traditional cultivation systems, a unique liquid-surface cultivation [liquid-surface immobilization (LSI)] system and interface cultivation systems [extractive liquid-surface im...

Ethanol is attracting the attention of researchers because of its potential in reducing the dependence on crude oil together with the possible reduction in the pollution associated with the combustion process. The ethanol dehydration process is significant in terms of its production cost. Recently, new distillation sequences have been proposed for the separation of pure ethanol from the ferment...