A class of multiparticle boson states, proposed recently for ’independently’ emitted pions in heavy ion collisions, is reconsidered. This class of ’independent multiparticle states’ are shown to emerge from a quantum dynamics in random external field. The spectral density of the external field and the measured counts have identical distributions. The phenomenon of ’Bose-Einstein-condensation’ i...

Although hip muscle strengthening has been reported as an effective way to decrease PFPS symptoms, however its effect on lower extremity kinematics is less clear. The current study was done with the aim of investigating the effect of hip abductor and external rotator muscles strengthening exercises on lower extremity kinematics in static and dynamic states. In a randomized controlled trial, 33 ...

Classes of solutions, asymptotic in small parameter , → 0, are constructed to the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NSE) in a multi-dimensional space with an external field in the framework of the WKB-Maslov method. Asymptotic semiclassically concentrated solutions (SCS), regarded as multi-dimensional solitary waves, are introduced for the NSE with an external field and cubic local no...

This paper describes a free energy principle that tries to explain the ability of biological systems to resist a natural tendency to disorder. It appeals to circular causality of the sort found in synergetic formulations of self-organization (e.g., the slaving principle) and models of coupled dynamical systems, using nonlinear Fokker Planck equations. Here, circular causality is induced by sepa...