Parasitic hookworms and the free-living model nematode Caenorhabtidis elegans share a developmental arrested stage, called the dauer stage in C. elegans and the infective third-stage larva (L3) in hookworms. One of the key transcription factors that regulate entrance to and exit from developmental arrest is the forkhead transcription factor DAF-16/FoxO. During the dauer stage, DAF-16 is activat...

For a tolled highway where consecutive sections allow vehicles enter and exit unrestrictedly, we propose a simple toll pricing method. We show that the method is the unique method that satisfies the classical axioms of Additivity and Dummy in the cost sharing literature, and the axioms of Toll Upper Bound for Local Traffic and Routingproofness. We also show that the toll pricing method is the o...

1 a typical simple one-side weaving section, as shown in Figure 1, the geometric variables of the weaving section are the length of the weaving section, L, and the number of lanes within the weaving section, N. Length of the weaving section is measured from a point where the entrance gore is 2 feet wide to a point where the exit gore is 12 feet wide. Vehicular flow is categorized into four gene...

In this paper, we investigate the stationary profiles of a convection-diffusion model for unidirectional pedestrian flows in domains with single entrance and exit. The inflow outflow conditions at both exit as well shape domain have strong influence on structure profiles, particular formation boundary layers. We are able to relate location these layers using geometric singular perturbation theo...