OBJECTIVE To report a case of exertional hyponatraemic encephalopathy that occurred despite a modest rate of fluid intake during a 109 km cycling race. METHODS Men and women cyclists were weighed before and after the race. All subjects were interviewed and their water bottles measured to quantify fluid ingestion. A blood sample was drawn after the race for the measurement of serum Na(+) conce...

Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is a key differential diagnosis for unexplained dyspnoea in athletes. The gold standard means for diagnosis of EILO is direct laryngoscopy, performed continuously, while an athlete undertakes the specific sport that precipitates their symptoms. This report provides the first descriptions of rowing-associated EILO in two competitive rowers presenting...

Objective: To report a case of exertional hyponatraemic encephalopathy that occurred despite a modest rate of fluid intake during a 109 km cycling race. Methods: Men and women cyclists were weighed before and after the race. All subjects were interviewed and their water bottles measured to quantify fluid ingestion. A blood sample was drawn after the race for the measurement of serum Na concentr...

Human pregnancy is characterized by significant increases in ventilatory drive both at rest and during exercise. The increased ventilation and attendant hypocapnia of pregnancy has been attributed primarily to the stimulatory effects of female sex hormones (progesterone and estrogen) on central and peripheral chemoreflex drives to breathe. However, recent research from our laboratory suggests t...

This report discusses a unique case of monozygotic male twins who both collapsed with exertional heat stroke (EHS) during the same marathon in relatively cool conditions. The twins were official race pacers in a popular city marathon held in the early spring in the UK. Both recovered uneventfully due to the prompt recognition of EHS and use of aggressive cooling measures, which prevented life-t...

Unlike facial expressions of emotion, the effect of static and dynamic facial information on the perception of physical exertion have not been discussed in much depth. The purpose of this study is to examine whether the observer could perceive exertion by others based only on static or dynamic facial expression. And to examine which conditions (static and dynamic exertion face) could be better ...

Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disorder presenting with remarkable features like recurrent pneumothorax or chylothorax, usually in young women. We report a case of sporadic LAM who presented with nothing but recent onset exertional dyspnoea and it was this unobtrusive presentation that led to delay in diagnosis.

OBJECTIVES Current knowledge about the incidence and risk factors for exertional hyperthermia (core body temperature ≥40°C) is predominantly based on military populations or small-sized studies in athletes. We assessed the incidence of exertional hyperthermia in 227 participants of a 15-km running race, and identified predictors for exertional hyperthermia. DESIGN Observational study. METHO...

The case of a 14 year old girl is reported, referred to Child Psychiatry with tearfulness and possible auditory hallucinations. Closer questioning revealed a history of low energy, sleeping excessively without refreshment, exertional dyspnoea, and poor growth. Psychologically, there was no evidence of low mood or negative cognitions despite the inexplicable tearfulness. Detailed enquiry reveale...