BACKGROUND We present a long-term safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness study of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV4) vaccine. METHODS Sexually naive boys and girls aged 9 to 15 years (N = 1781) were assigned (2:1) to receive HPV4 vaccine or saline placebo at day 1 and months 2 and 6. At month 30, the placebo group (n = 482) received HPV4 vaccine following the same regimen and both ...

BACKGROUND Treatment of late-stage human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) with melarsoprol can be improved by shortening the regimen. A previous trial demonstrated the safety and efficacy of a 10-day treatment schedule. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this schedule in a noncontrolled, multinational drug-utilization study. METHODS A total of 2020 patients with late-stage HAT were treated with...

BACKGROUND All age groups are affected by influenza infection, resulting in significant medical and economic burden. Influenza infection of healthy working adults can have a marked effect on companies due to lost work days and reduced productivity. Studies in corporate settings have shown that vaccination programmes reduce this burden, although there is a lack of data in Eastern European countr...

Botulinum toxin is the most poisonous substance known, and is believed to be a highly lethal as a biological weapon; researchers of the toxin are exposed to this hazard. Botulinum toxoid vaccines have been produced and used in Japan. However, since clinical studies involving these vaccines were conducted before establishment of the Ethical Guidelines for Clinical Research in Japan, their immuno...

the aim of this study was to analyze and compare the viewpoints shared by university professors and the managers holding sports events of federations on the competencies of sports event managers. the study was a descriptive survey conducted as a field research. the statistical population included all university professors with more than three years of experience of teaching courses related to m...

ashura tragic event and the martyrdom of imam hussein (as) are considered the greatest events in the history of islam after ghadir event because imam (as) held the great epic in ashura day and sacrificed himself and his family, near kin and his companions for the survival of islam. this human event had influence on poets’ souls as they made an attempt to compose lyrics about imam (as). some of ...

QUESTION UNDER STUDY To assess clinical reactions, immune responses and adverse events to undiluted, three- and sixfold diluted Lister strain vaccine stockpiled in Switzerland. METHODS A prospective, triple-blinded, randomised, parallel group clinical trial was performed. RESULTS From 2001 to 2007 104 persons with an indication for vaccinia vaccination were recruited. They had a median age ...

The current system of resolving allegations of medical malpractice neither reliably compensates injured patients nor reliably deters negligence on the part of providers. Recently, a few hospitals have begun experimenting with a change from a policy of categorically denying fault and refusing payment to a policy of routinely and fully disclosing all unexpected adverse events to patients, even ad...

BACKGROUND Abacavir and lamivudine are approved for once-daily use in HIV-infected adults. Limited pharmacokinetic (PK) data for abacavir and lamivudine in children are available. METHODS A crossover study to compare PK of once- versus twice-daily abacavir and lamivudine was conducted in virologically suppressed HIV-infected Thai children aged <18years, with bodyweight of at least 14 kg, HIV ...

We report results of a randomized, double-blinded, active-controlled, phase III study conducted to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a new trivalent inactivated split-virus influenza vaccine (GC501) manufactured by the Green Cross Corporation in Korea. A total of 283 healthy children aged 6 months to < 18 yr were randomized to receive either GC501 or control. Of the GC501 recipients, se...