We present a practical partial evaluation scheme for multi-paradigm declarative languages combining features from functional, logic, and concurrent programming. In contrast to previous approaches, we consider an intermediate representation for programs into which source programs can be automatically translated. The use of this simplified representation, together with the appropriate control iss...

I analyze how careerist judges formulate their decisions using information they uncover during deliberations as well as relevant information from previous decisions. I assume that judges have reputation concerns and try to signal to an evaluator that they can interpret the law correctly. If an appeal is brought, the appellate court’s decision reveals whether the judge interpreted the law proper...

[1] Land climate is important for human population since it affects inhabited areas. Here we evaluate the realism of simulated evapotranspiration (ET), precipitation, and temperature in the CMIP5 multimodel ensemble on continental areas. For ET, a newly compiled synthesis data set prepared within the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment-sponsored LandFlux-EVAL project is used. The results r...

This paper first defines the 'English for Specific Purposes' (ESP) approach to language teaching in terms of absolute and variable characteristics offered by Dudley-Evans in the plenary speech of the first Japan Conference on English for Specific Purposes. Then, under the headings of teacher, collaborator, course designer and materials provider, researcher, and evaluator proposed by DudleyEvans...

An informer sequentially collects information at a cost to influence an evaluator’s choice between rejection and approval. Payoffs and control rights are split between informer and evaluator depending on the organizational rules governing the approval process. We compare the performance of different organizations from a positive and normative perspective, depending on the commitment power of in...

The e-Framework is arguably the most prominent e-learning framework currently in use. For this reason it was selected as basis for modelling a programming exercises evaluation service. The purpose of this type of evaluator is to mark and grade exercises in computer programming courses and in programming contests. By exposing its functions as services a programming exercise evaluator is able to ...

BACKGROUND This study was designed to determine whether an education program consisting of classroom and on-road training could enhance driving performance. METHODS This randomized controlled trial with blinded endpoint assessment enrolled 126 community-living drivers 70 years old or older who were recruited from clinic and community sources. Treatment assignment was concealed until eligibili...

In response to social-evaluative threat induced in the laboratory, lower (compared to higher) subjective social class of a participant predicts greater increases in the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). In spite of the interpersonal nature of social-evaluation, little work has explored whether characteristics of the evaluator shape physiological responses in this context. In the curre...