the euler-lagrange equation plays an important role in the minimization problems of the calculus of variations. this paper employs the differential transformation method (dtm) for finding the solution of the euler-lagrange equation which arise from problems of calculus of variations. dtm provides an analytical solution in the form of an infinite power series with easily computable components. s...

A general, consistent and complete framework for geometrical formulation of mechanical systems is proposed, based on certain structures on affine bundles (affgebroids) that generalize Lie algebras and Lie algebroids. This scheme covers and unifies various geometrical approaches to mechanics in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian pictures, including time-dependent lagrangians and hamiltonians. In our...

This paper applies the recently developed theory of discrete nonholonomic mechanics to the study of discrete nonholonomic left-invariant dynamics on Lie groups. The theory is illustrated with the discrete versions of two classical nonholonomic systems, the Suslov top and the Chaplygin sleigh. The preservation of the reduced energy by the discrete flow is observed and the discrete momentum conse...

This papers studies discrete nonholonomic mechanical systems whose configuration space is a Lie group G Assuming that the discrete Lagrangian and constraints are left-invariant, the discrete Euler–Lagrange equations are reduced to the discrete Euler–Poincaré–Suslov equations. The dynamics associated with the discrete Euler–Poincaré–Suslov equations is shown to evolve on a subvariety of the Lie ...

Much effort in recent years has gone into generalizing the classical Hamiltonian and Euler-Lagrange equations of the calculus of variations so as to encompass problems in optimal control and a greater variety of integrands and constraints. These generalizations, in which nonsmoothness abounds and gradients are systematically replaced by subgradients, have succeeded in furnishing necessary condi...

In this paper an optimal control approach for thermal stress reduction inside a Czochralski grown single crystal is presented. Using the lateral heat flux as a control variable, an optimal control formulation for minimizing thermal stress with a given crystal shape is derived. Since thermal stress is also affected by the lateral shape of crystals during growth, the level of the stress can be re...