Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases from eucaryotic cells generally are isolated as high molecular weight complexes comprised of multiple synthetase activities, and often containing other components as well. A model is proposed for the synthetase complex in which hydrophobic extensions on the proteins serve to maintain them in their high molecular weight form, but are not needed for catalytic activity. ...

Higher-order chromatin structure and dynamics play a critical role in many aspects of gene regulation in eucaryotic cells. Therefore, a full understanding of chromatin organization and its functional significance is indispensable. Much is known about the primary and secondary level of chromatin structure. Not much information is available about the tertiary structure of chromatin domains, which...

Immunochemical studies using polyclonal antisera prepared individually against highly purified cytosolic and chloroplast spinach leaf (Spinacia oleracea) fructose bisphosphate aldolases showed significant cross reaction between both forms of spinach aldolase and their heterologous antisera. The individual cross reactions were estimated to be approximately 50% in both cases under conditions of a...

The tertiary structures of the photosynthetic cytochrome cz of Rhodospirillum rubrum and eucaryotic mitochondrial cytochrome c are compared, together with data on their physiochemical properties and activities in physiological oxidoreduction systems. The comparison gives rise to the following observations and proposals. 1. R. rubrum cytochrome cz does not undergo the extensive oxidoreduction-li...

Virtually all higher eucaryotic cells rapidly depress synthesis of new alpha- and beta-tubulin polypeptides in response to microtubule inhibitors that increase the pool of depolymerized subunits. This apparently autoregulatory control of tubulin synthesis is achieved through modulation of tubulin messenger RNA levels. In particular, in cells treated with the microtubule-depolymerizing drug colc...

A simjan virus 40 genomic fragment containing the genes coding for the large T and small t antigens was inserted into the genome of the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus downstream of the strong polyhedrin promoter. Infection of eucaryotic Spodoptera frugiperda (SF9) cells with this recombinant virus produced significant amounts of small t antigen and little or no la...

A monoclonal antibody, designated J-57, selectively and uniformly decorates the interphase nuclei and mitotic chromosomes of a variety of eucaryotic cells as determined by indirect immunofluorescence. As determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, however, this monoclonal antibody is not monospecific. It reacts weakly with cytochrome c, RNase A, and brain tubulin. By these tests monoclonal...