The cholesteryl esters of very low density lipoproteins become labeled when human plasma is incubated with cholesterol-(14)C. The relative order of magnitude of the specific activity of the cholesteryl esters of the major lipoprotein fractions is: high density lipoproteins >> very low density lipoproteins > low density lipoproteins. This pattern of labeling is similar to that found by others in...

This study examines the ability of human high density lipoproteins (HDL3) to deliver cholesteryl esters to human granulosa cells and describes the selective cholesterol pathway by which this occurs. Luteinized cells obtained from subjects undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer procedures were incubated with native HDL3 (or radiolabeled or fluorescently labeled HDL cholesteryl esters)...

Quinoxalines display diverse and interesting pharmacological activities as antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic and anticancer agents. Particularly, their 1,4-di-N-oxides derivatives have proved to be cytotoxic agents that are active under hypoxic conditions as that of solid tumours. A new series of quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxides substitutes at 7-position with esters group were synthetized and ...

Quinoxalines display diverse and interesting pharmacological activities as antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic and anticancer agents. Particularly, their 1,4-di-N-oxides derivatives have proved to be cytotoxic agents that are active under hypoxic conditions as that of solid tumours. A new series of quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxides substitutes at 7-position with esters group were synthetized and ...

Phthalates are esters of phthalic acid, mainly used as plasticizer in polymeric packaging materials. The main objective of this research was to determine the exact roots of the phthalate esters in the Iranian flexible/laminated packaging films commercially used for food products such as ketchup, spaghetti, mayonnaise, black tea and snack foods. This investigation was carried out by analyzing th...

3-monochoropropane-1, 2-diol (3-MCPD) and 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPD) and glycidol esters (GE) have been known as food contaminants. These compounds are formed during high-temperature process of different food products such as coffee, edible oils, infant formula, potato based products, bakery products, malt, cooked meats, soy sauces and pickles. In vegetable oils, these compounds are ...

BACKGROUND Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acid short-chain alkyl esters of different fatty acid carbon chain lengths. However, while fatty acid methyl or ethyl esters are useful biodiesel produced commercially, fatty acid esters with branched-chain alcohol moieties have superior fuel properties. Crucially, this includes improved cold flow characteristics, as one of the major problems associate...

Enantioselective reduction of the carbonyl group of three phenylglyoxylic acid esters (methyl, ethyl, and n-propyl esters, 2-4) was conducted using blended plant materials (roots of carrot, beetroot, celeriac and parsley; apple). All used biocatalysts transformed these esters to the corresponding mandelic acid esters with high yield, preferably into the respective R-enantiomer. Butanedione addi...

There are several lines of evidence which suggest that the liver is a major source of plasma cholesterol esters. First, eviscerated rats cannot maintain a normal concentration of cholesterol esters in the plasma (1); second, when isotopically labeled mevalonic acid is administered to rats, the specific radioactivity of the hepatic cholesterol esters initially exceeds that of the plasma choleste...

A. Introduction B. Acid-Catalysed Esterification and Transesterification 1. General mechanism 2. Methanolic hydrogen chloride 3. Methanolic sulfuric acid 4. Boron trifluoride-methanol 5. Other acidic catalysts C. Base-Catalysed Transesterification 1. General mechanism 2. Sodium and potassium methoxide catalysts 3. Organic base catalysis D. Diazomethane and Related Reagents 1. Diazomethane and m...