Face validity in animal models of alcohol abuse and dependence is often at odds with robust demonstrations of ethanol-seeking. This study determined the relative influence of ethanol and a flavorant in maintaining ethanol intake in a nonhuman primate model of "cocktail" drinking. Four-year-old male monkeys were maintained on a 6% ethanol/6% Tang solution made available in daily (M-F) 1-h sessio...

We have applied rheological methods for the analysis of ethanol-lysozyme interaction during the process of denaturation and aggregation of the protein. At low concentration of ethanol a destruction of the hydration shell of lysozyme is observed. With the increase in the ethanol concentration a structural transformation takes place. It leads to the formation of a protein aggregate with an elonga...

Cellular effects of ethanol in YD-15 tongue carcinoma cells were assessed by MTT assay, caspase activity assay, Western blotting and flow cytometry. Ethanol inhibited the growth and proliferation of YD-15 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner in an MTT assay. The effects of ethanol on cell cycle control at low percent range of ethanol concentration (0 to 1.5%), the condition not inducing Y...

To obtain high concentration of ethanol from cellulose, corncob was pretreated with acid and alkali to remove non-cellulose components, and then subjected to simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). An ethanol concentration as high as 69.2 g/L was achieved with 19% dry matter (DM) using batch SSF, resulting in an 81.2% overall ethanol yield. A fed-batch process using a high solid c...

Alkali-pretreated sugarcane bagasse fiber was subjected to fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with a prehydrolysis process to increase the solids loading and produce a high concentration of ethanol. The hydrolysis medium and yeast feeding modes were investigated to determine suitable conditions for high sugar yield and ethanol production. Batch addition resulted in a...

Monitoring of ethanol concentration in expired air is a method for assessing fluid absorption during transurethral prostatic surgery and endometrial resection, but the validity of this technique has not been studied in low-flow ventilation systems. For this purpose, we have compared the concentration-time profiles of ethanol in expired gas and in venous blood during an i.v. infusion of 0.4 g kg...