OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of recipe for invigorating kidney on expression of estrogen receptors in ovariectomized rats. METHODS The rats, which were given high-cholesterol diet after ovariectomy, were chosen as experimental subjects. After fed kidney-invigorating recipe for 16 weeks, the rats were killed and the levels of serum lipid and estradiol of these rats were examined. The expre...

background:estrogens play a substantial role in the proliferation, progression and treatment of breast cancer by binding with two estrogen receptors, alpha and beta (erα and erβ). resistance to endocrine therapy is a major problem in the treatment of breast cancers and, in some cases, may be related to loss of er gene expression. we have already showed that erα methylation occurs in high freque...

BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death among men in Western countries. Genetic alterations of the estrogen receptor gene are known to be indicative of a higher risk of this disease. The estrogen receptor gene is found as two subtypes, alpha and beta. In this study the estrogen receptor alpha and beta genes were tested in 2 human prostate cancer cell lines: the hormone-s...

Feminization in men occurs when the effective ratio of androgen to estrogen is lowered. Since sufficient estrogen is produced in normal men to induce breast enlargement in the absence of adequate amounts of circulating androgens, it has been generally assumed that androgens exert an antiestrogenic action to prevent feminization in normal men. We examined the mechanisms of this effect of androge...

PURPOSE We investigated sex-hormone receptor expression as predicting factor of recurrence and progression in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated tumor specimens from patients treated for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder at our institution between January 2006 and January 2011. Performing immunohistochemistry using a m...

objective: estrogen receptor alpha protein status is determined by routine immunohistochemistry analysis in all malignant breast tumors. this assay has its limitations. rna based techniques are potential complements for immunohistochemistry but it must be noticed that gene silencing may occur at different levels from rna to protein. the aim of this study was the comparison of the results from t...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered one of the most aggressive forms with poor survival rates compared to other subtypes. TNBC characterized by absence estrogen receptor alpha, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor 2, limiting those viable treatment options available patients Furthermore, due particularly high heterogeneity TNBC, conventional treatments such as...