This lecture is about some of the basics of uncertainty: the use of variances and covariances to express statistical uncertainty (“error bars”, error ellipses); we are concentrating on the uncertainties of geographic co-ordinates. This makes it necessary to talk about geodetic datums – alternative ways of fixing the starting point(s) used for fixing geodetic co-ordinates in a network solution. ...

We study analytically the steady-state regime of a network of n error-prone self-replicating templates forming an asymmetric hypercycle and its error tail. We show that the existence of a master template with a higher noncatalyzed self-replicative productivity a than the error tail ensures the stability of chains in which m < n-1 templates coexist with the master species. The stability of these...

Cache memory is a small, fast, memory system that holds frequently used data. With increasing processor speed, designer follow aggresive design practices in the design of cache memories. Such design practices increase the probability of fault occurrence and the presence of latent errors as processor allows a short duration for read and write. The fault may corrupt the cache memory system or lea...

The polarization analysis of light is typically carried out using modulation schemes. The light of an unknown polarization state is passed through a set of known modulation optics, and a detector is used to measure the total intensity passing the system. The modulation optics is modified several times, and, with the aid of several such measurements, the unknown polarization state of the light c...

We investigate the propagation of errors through geometric transformations, such as reflections, rotations, similarity transformations, and projections, and also the scalar product of vectors. This means computing tolerance zones of points which undergo such transformations, if these points and the transformations themselves are given by toleranced input data.

suspended sediment estimation is an important factor from different aspects including, farming, soil conservation, dams, aquatic life, as well as various aspects of the research. there are different methods for suspended sediment estimation. this study aims to estimate suspended sediment using feed forward neural network with error back propagation with levenberg-marquardt back propagation algo...

Early assessment of software quality attributes plays a central role in developing better quality software. Error propagation between software system components is a quantitative factor that reflects on the reliability of a software product. We introduce a framework for experimental error propagation analysis. This framework addresses the problem of estimating error propagation at the architect...

this paper presents an accurate differential global positioning system (dgps) using multi-layered neural networks (nns) based on the back propagation (bp) and imperialistic competition algorithm (ica) in order to predict the dgps corrections for accurate positioning. simulation results allowed us to optimize the nn performance in term of residual mean square error. we compare results obtained b...

The use of land cover change map is subject to error propagation from multi-temporal land cover classification maps. Understanding the factors determining error propagation to land-cover change maps helps to select appropriate classification models and characterize the associated uncertainties. In this paper, we presented a simulation analysis on the rates of error propagation for both non-cont...