Nodule formation on ITO sputtering targets was investigated by stop action in-situ video observation, 3D-SIMS, and EPMA. Major cause of nodule formation is particulates from the sputtering system, less important are particulate inclusions in the target material. A nodule growth mechanism and strategies to minimize nodule formation are proposed.

corophium volutator (pallas) has been recommended by the paris commission as one of the standard species for testing chemical used in offshore oil and gas exploration/production. in the present study, gut contents of corophium volutator have been analysed by electron probe microanalysis (epma) for baso4 and other heavy metal impurities after exposure tto spiked sediments following a standard as...

Several weathering steels and a plain carbon steel exposed to atmosphere for 17 years at Yokkaichi (at a coastal and industrial region) and Mikuni Pass (at a rural region) in Japan were analyzed and compared to find effects of environments on the formed rusts. Specimens were examined with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Th...

The aim of this study is to extract brownmillerite from sulfate resisting Portland cement (SRPC) in order determine its crystal chemistry and the effects dissolution protocols. Brownmillerites (C4AF) four SRPC were extracted systematically studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), fluorescence spectroscopy. Two extraction steps used. first salicylic acid/methanol ...

In this article the tools, techniques, and instruments appropriate for quantitative measurements of intracellular elemental content using the technique known as electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) are described. Intramitochondrial calcium is a particular focus because of the critical role that mitochondrial calcium overload plays in neurodegenerative diseases. The method is based on the analysi...