Epileptic seizures can be triggered by both nonspecific facilitating factors such as sleep withdrawal, fever, or excessive alcohol intake, and specific reflex epileptic mechanisms. These consist of sensory or cognitive inputs activating circumscribed cortical areas or functional anatomic systems that, due to some functional instability, respond with an epileptic discharge. Interruption of seizu...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Long-term videoelectroencephalogram (video-EEG) monitoring is performed to diagnose an epileptic seizure and to investigate the differential diagnosis of paroxysmal events. To provoke an epileptic seizure, an exercise method is performed in some cases during long-term video-EEG recording in the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU). The purpose of this study was two-fold: to ass...

Epileptic seizures are characterized by periods of recurrent, highly synchronized activity that spontaneously terminates, followed by postictal state when neuronal activity is generally depressed. The mechanisms for spontaneous seizure termination and postictal depression remain poorly understood. Using a realistic computational model, we demonstrate that termination of seizure and postictal de...

The concept of focal epilepsies includes a seizure origin in brain regions with hyper synchronous activity (epileptogenic zone and seizure onset zone) and a complex epileptic network of different brain areas involved in the generation, propagation, and modulation of seizures. The purpose of this work was to study functional and effective connectivity between regions involved in networks of epil...

The purpose of present study was to analyze the effects of epilepsy on the autonomic control of the heart in ictal phase of Secondary Generalized (SG) and Complex Partial (CP) epileptic seizures in order to find an algorithm for classification of epileptic and non-epileptic classes. Fifteen patients with epilepsy (eight males and seven females; mean age 42.2 years, SD: 12.64 years)comprising 96...

An 11-year-old, right-handed girl was admitted for video-EEG monitoring of nocturnal paroxysms consisting of eye opening, groans, right arm shaking, and altered consciousness (see video on the Neurology Web site at www.neurology.org). Ictal video-EEG suggested a left frontal seizure; subsequent behavioral disturbances including dysrhythmic right arm shaking and confusion continued without elect...

The purpose of the work described in this paper is to investigate the use of autoregressive (AR) model by using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) also interpretation and performance of this method to extract classifiable features from human electroencephalogram (EEG) by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). ANNs are evaluated for accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity on classification of ...

PURPOSE There are different possible temporal associations between epileptic seizures and headache attacks which have given rise to unclear or controversial terminologies. The classification of the International League Against Epilepsy does not refer to this type of disorder, while the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-2) defines three kinds of association: (1) migraine-t...

Basic and clinical neuroscience research findings suggest that cortical spreading depression (CSD) and epileptic foci may facilitate each other; furthermore, the threshold required for the onset of CSD has been suggested to be lower than that required for an epileptic focus. These data may explain the prevalence of epilepsy in migraine populations (ranging from 1% to 17%) and the frequency of m...

Snap25(S187A/S187A) mouse is a knock-in mouse with a single amino acid substitution at a protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation site of the synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25), which is a target-soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (t-SNARE) protein essential for neurotransmitter release. Snap25(S187A/S187A) mice exhibit several distinct phenotypes, including reductions i...