We investigate η-η ′ mixing in infrared regularized U (3) chiral perturbation theory by calculating the η and η ′ masses up to one-loop order. From this analysis it becomes obvious that even at leading order η-η ′ mixing does not obey the usually assumed one-mixing angle scheme if large N c counting rules are not employed.

Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in conjunction with the SPC/E water model, we optimize ionic force-field parameters for seven different halide and alkali ions, considering a total of eight ion-pairs. Our strategy is based on simultaneous optimizing single-ion and ion-pair properties, i.e., we first fix ion-water parameters based on single-ion solvation free energies, and in a second s...

In this topical review we argue that neutrino mass and mixing data motivates extending the Standard Model (SM) to include a non-Abelian discrete flavour symmetry in order to accurately predict the large leptonic mixing angles and  violation. We begin with an overview of the SM puzzles, followed by a description of some classic lepton mixing patterns. Lepton mixing may be regarded as a deviati...

Consider a finite irreducible Markov chain with transition matrix M = (pij). Fixing a target distribution τ , we study a family of optimal stopping rules from the singleton distributions to τ . We show that this family of rules is dual to a family of (not necessarily optimal) rules on the reverse chain from the singleton distributions to a related distribution α̂ called the τ -contrast distribut...

Glass transition temperatures T(g) are investigated in aqueous binary and multi-component solutions consisting of citric acid, calcium nitrate (Ca(NO(3))(2)), malonic acid, raffinose, and ammonium bisulfate (NH(4)HSO(4)) using a differential scanning calorimeter. Based on measured glass transition temperatures of binary aqueous mixtures and fitted binary coefficients, the T(g) of multi-componen...