Soils support an enormous microbial diversity, but the ecological drivers of this diversity are poorly understood. Interactions between the roots of individual grass species and the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and bacteria in their rhizoplane were studied in a grazed, unimproved upland pasture. Individual root fragments were isolated from soil cores, DNA extracted and used to identify pla...

A number of studies have shown that an association with mycorrhizal fungi can alter the outcome of interactions between plants and their enemies. While the directions of these effects vary, their strength suggests the need for greater attention to multispecies interactions among plant enemies, plants, and mycorrhizal fungi. We recognize that mycorrhizal fungi could effect plant enemies by impro...

While the effects of habitat size and isolation have been successfully studied for macro-organisms, there is currently debate about their relative importance in explaining patterns of microbial species richness. In this study, we examine the species richness of a dominant group of eukaryotic soil microbes, ectomycorrhizal fungi, on 'tree islands' of constant age and host composition that range ...

This paper defines the types of elm trees pests in Khorezm province Uzbekistan, carries out their systematic analysis, and also determines degree occurrence, as well natural enemies. The main phytophagous belong to 4 genera 14 species from 8 families. vast majority these pest have been identified Coleoptera pests. Pests were found be mainly that infect body part trees. In addition, 10 wild para...

Understanding the context dependence of ecosystem responses to global changes requires the development of new conceptual frameworks. Here we propose a framework for considering how tree species and their mycorrhizal associates differentially couple carbon (C) and nutrient cycles in temperate forests. Given that tree species predominantly associate with a single type of mycorrhizal fungi (arbusc...

This research was conducted in 2019-2020 the northern and southern administrative districts of Kashkadarya province Uzbekistan. study on distribution coccinellides agrobiocenoses has been at different experimental periods. In province, 5 subspecies ( Scymninae , Chilocorinae Coccidulinae Epilachninae Coccinellinae ), 8 tribes, 31 species belonging to 22 genera were found. Experiments have shown...