Kinetic competition experiments have demonstrated that at least some factors required for the nuclear import of proteins and U snRNPs are distinct. Both import processes require energy, and in the case of protein import, the energy requirement is known to be at least partly met by GTP hydrolysis by the Ran GTPase. We have compared the effects of nonhydrolyzable GTP analogues and two mutant Ran ...

Abstract In the past two years, world has changed and global crises (e. g. COVID-19 pandemic, war in Ukraine) increasingly dominate headline. Decades of certainties no longer apply, risks uncertainties are increasing, challenges becoming more complex at same time require faster consistent action. Against that background, text discusses what we can — must learn from current crises. We need to be...

Mitochondria import most of their proteins from the cytosol. Dynamic protein complexes in the mitochondrial outer and inner membranes are responsible for the specific recognition and membrane translocation of preproteins. The preprotein translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane contains several import receptors and a general import pore. The preprotein translocase of the inner membrane co...

Between 1996 and 2002, the Swedish import of so-called yellow waste for energy recovery increased. The import mainly consisted of separated wood waste and mixes of used wood and paper and/or plastics that was combusted in district heat production plants (DHPPs). Some mixed waste was imported to waste incineration plants for energy recovery (10% of the import of yellow waste for energy recovery ...

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the effect export, import, and renewable energy consumption on ecological footprint for period 1990-2015 in Turkey. Methodology In study, firstly Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests were applied. Then, long-term relationships between variables investigated by Johansen Cointegration Test. Finally, elasticity coeffic...

Import and assembly of mitochondrial proteins depend on a complex interplay of proteinaceous translocation machineries. The role of lipids in this process has been studied only marginally and so far no direct role for a specific lipid in mitochondrial protein biogenesis has been shown. Here we analyzed a potential role of phosphatidic acid (PA) in biogenesis of mitochondrial proteins in Sacchar...

We have transcribed mRNA from a cDNA clone coding for pea ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, translated the mRNA in a wheat germ cell-free system, and studied the energy requirement for posttranslational import of the [35S]methionine-labeled protein into the stroma of pea chloroplasts. We found that import depends on ATP hydrolysis within the stroma. Import is not inhibited when H+, K+, Na+...

The recent economic sanctions against Russia can jeopardise the sustainability of European Union’s (EU) energy supply. Despite EU’s strong commitment to stringent abatement targets, fossil fuels still play a significant role in EU policy. Furthermore, high dependency on Russian supplies underlines vulnerability security. Using global computable general equilibrium model, we prove that current e...

RCC1, the only known guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the Ran GTPase, is an approximately 45-kD nuclear protein that can bind chromatin. An important question concerns how RCC1 traverses the nuclear envelope. We now show that nuclear RCC1 is not exported readily in interphase cells and that the import of RCC1 into the nucleoplasm is extremely rapid. Import can proceed by at least two dist...

The nuclear localization signal (NLS) of spliceosomal U snRNPs is composed of the U snRNA's 2,2,7-trimethyl-guanosine (m3G)-cap and the Sm core domain. The m3G-cap is specifically bound by snurportin1, which contains an NH2-terminal importin-beta binding (IBB) domain and a COOH-terminal m3G-cap--binding region that bears no structural similarity to known import adaptors like importin-alpha (imp...