Cement producers are large consumers of thermal and electrical energy, which on a global level are only available at steadily increasing costs. Efforts to reduce demands by using higher effi ciency equipment and substituting fuels and raw materials to lower production costs have been addressed in recent years. These changes have introduced constraints that must now be managed to secure the requ...

of exciton decay in a controlled stratifi ed environment. This agreement attests to the viability of the sequential deposition technique to fabricate thick, designer NQD solids. In particular, our analysis of PL from multilayer structures indicates effi cient energy transfer (ET) from NQDs into the underlying Si substrate, which is important for hybrid ET-based photovoltaic devices. [ 16–18 ] S...

and emergence of new conjugated polymers with tailored energy levels. [ 4–6 ] Power conversion effi ciency (PCE) exceeding 7% has recently been achieved. [ 4 ] The state-of-the-art devices are so called bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) type in which the PV activelayer is coated from a blend of donor and acceptor species. The nanoscale nature of phase separation between the donors and acceptors in a BH...

Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) offer greatly advantageous features including high emission effi ciency, [ 1,2 ] narrow emission linewidth, [ 3,4 ] tunable emission wavelength, [ 5,6 ] and low-cost solution-processing, [ 7 ] making them one of the most promising materials for lighting-emitting diodes (LEDs). Recently, current-driven quantum dot lighting-emitting diodes (QLEDs) have been intensivel...

Electoral agency models suggest that government effi ciency is better when voters penalize poor performance, and party competition is balanced. Uncertainty in the electoral mechanism dillutes the incentive to produce effi ciently. We test this proposition on panel data on local governments. The dataset includes a broad set of indicators on service output and quality, which facilitates the measu...

A longstanding question in the study of energy demand concerns the role of information as a determinant of home-effi ciency improvements. Although the provision of information via home energy audits is frequently asserted to be an eff ective means for governments to encourage the implementation of effi ciency-enhancing renovations, empirical support for this assertion is tenuous at best. Apart ...

Biomass and energy evaluation was carried out in the Municipality of Teresópolis Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Th e following agricultural and natural systems were considered: (i) vegetables systems (leaf, fruit and mixed vegetables); (ii) citrus; (iii) ecological agro-forestry; (iv) cattle ranching, (v) silvopastoril systems, (vi) forest fragments and, (vii) forest in regeneration stage (1, 2 and 3 ...