With the rapid advances being made in novel high-energy ion-beam techniques such as proton beam writing, single-ion-event effects, ion-beam-radiation therapy, ion-induced fluorescence imaging, proton/ion microscopy, and ion-induced electron imaging, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the spatial energydeposition profiles of energetic ions as they penetrate matter. In this work ...

The deposition of ultrasonic energy in tissue can cause tissue damage due to local heating. For pressures above a critical threshold, cavitation will occur, inducing a much larger thermal energy deposition in a local region. The present work develops a nonlinear bubble dynamics model to numerically investigate bubble oscillations and bubble-enhanced heating during focused ultrasound (HIFU) inso...

The most commonly used method for the production of thin films is based on deposition of atoms or molecules onto a solid surface. One of the suitable method is to produce high quality metallic, semiconductor and organic thin film is Ionized cluster beam deposition (ICBD), which are used in electronic, robotic, optical, optoelectronic devices. Many important factors such as cluster size, cluster...

The use of silicon nanoparticles for laser desorption/ionization (LDI) is a new appealing matrix-less approach for the selective and sensitive mass spectrometry of small molecules in MALDI instruments. Chemically modified silicon nanoparticles (30nm) were previously found to require very low laser fluence in order to induce efficient LDI, which raised the question of internal energy deposition ...

background: in radiation therapy, water is the phantom material of choice, both for reference and for relative dosimetry measurements. solid phantoms, however, are more useful for routine measurements because they tend to be more robust and easier to set up than water phantoms. materials and methods: fluka input data cards have been arranged in sequential order. a simple cylindrical geometry wi...