this paper investigates the relationship between total energy consumption and gdp in six countries of the middle east , including iran,pakistan,saudi arabia,oman,bahrain and the united arab emirates. the data are annual and spanning the period 1980-2012.we employed hsiao’s (1981) methodology to examine causality relation between total energy consumption and gdp.the empirical findings show a uni...

due to shortage of precipitation and the spatial and periodical disparity of rainfalls, iran iscounted among the arid and semi-arid countries of the world, and therefore the water utilities have put thecontrol of consumption and efficient use of water high on their priorities. water consumption management isconsidered as a field of energy management, and the impacts of effective measure related...

energy consumption in iran is a subject of debate. some may think that oil is cheap in iran and thus no need for this kind of research. this simple minding is erroneous first because iran subsidizes billion dollars each year for the imported diesel fuel specially for agricultural use and second because energy studies reveal the degree of professionally using the technology. we can easily find t...

To investigate whether dietary fat source and energy restriction interactively influence plasma leptin levels and its association of leptin with insulin action, rats were fed diets containing either fish, safflower oil, or beef tallow (20% wt/wt) for 10 weeks. Groups of rats consumed each diet ad libitum or at 85% or 70% of ad libitum energy intake in a design that held fat intake constant. Gra...

The relationships between contractile function, myocardial oxygen consumption, and tissue high energy phosphate and lactate content were investigated during partial coronary flow disruption. The experimental preparation was an isolated, isovolumic retrograde blood-perfused rabbit heart. Both developed pressure (r = 0.94) and dp/dt (r = 0.95) exhibited strong linear correlations with myocardial ...

Due to non inheritable restriction of sensors, there is always a vital issue on the way to utilize restricted energy effectively. In the proposed work we have focused on the Energy Consumption in WSN Using Mobile Sink and Hierarchal Clustering. There is concept of bringing mobile sinks to sensing field to save energy of cluster heads while sending data to mobile sinks instead of fixed sink on b...

a numerical model for two-phase debris flows is developed in this paper, on the basis of understanding of the physical characteristics of debris flows from field investigations and experiments. employing a moving coordinate, the kinetic energy equation of gravel particles in unit volume in debris flow is developed by considering the potential energy of the particles, energy from the liquid phas...

e nergy consumption has increased significantly in iran during the recent decades. in this study, an inter-industrial model has been improved to investigate the sources of the changes in the energy consumption of the country. the input-output tables of iran for the years 1988 and 2001 have been employed as the database of the model. the innovation of this research allows the researchers to stud...

black tea sample was dried by a vibro-fluidized bed dryer to find its aerodynamic behavior and thermal performance during drying. the drying experiments were conducted at three different inlet air temperatures of 100, 115 and 130°c and fluidization condition at five vibration intensity levels of 0 (no vibration), 0.063, 0.189, 0.395 and 1.184. the results showed that bed channeling and defluidi...

in this paper, an algorithm , based on genetics and auxiliary nodes, to reduce energy consumption in wireless sensor networks has been presented. in this research, by considering some parameters as energy and distance, a target function has been created, which is more optimum comparing to other methods. in this research cluster head is selected by genetic algorithm. in rawsn algorithm a new tec...