The implementation of economic projects by targeting the subsidies can have a great effect on the cost competitiveness of the industries and their products. The global steel industry has been considered as a basic key industry in the industrialized countries. It is also among the industries that may be seriously affected by the enforcement of subsidies. This industry, requiring energy and high-...

the biggest challenges faced in big cities are greenhouse gas emission and growing energy needs. efficient utilization of existing infrastructures has a prominent role in response to the challenges. energy hub approach embraces performance of different energy networks. energy hub is defined as a super node in electrical system receiving distinctive energy carriers such as gas and electricity in...

When evaluating investments in energy supply and generation infrastructure nowadays, one is confronted with multiple sources of uncertainty. Examples for such uncertainties are the liberalization of power markets, regulatory uncertainties regarding CO2 pricing mechanisms or the level of feed-in tariffs for renewable energies, and the volatility of fuel prices. The objective of this thesis is to...

factor demand behavior such as energy demand has an important role in the economic analysis. this issue is a major concern in the developing countries (e.g. iran) which are benefited from vast energy resources. in this paper, the third generation of factor demand models is used to analyze the behavior of capital adjustment in the iranian manufacturing industries. the dataset covers the two-digi...