The treatment of mandibular molars has been challenging to the endodontist due to its several anatomical variations. The majority of mandibular first molars are two rooted with one mesial root and one distal root. It can have an additional root located lingually (radix entomolaris) or buccally (radix paramolaris). Success of endodontic treatment depends on thorough mechanical and chemical clean...

BACKGROUND Pulp stone, though of an unclear aetiology, is clinically common. It potentially poses procedural difficulty to the endodontist and may also be a marker of an underlying systemic condition. OBJECTIVES The study investigated pulp stone occurrence in adult restorative patients. It also highlighted the relationship between pulp stone and pristine posterior teeth, chronic periodontitis...

Background: Internal anatomy of maxilary first premolars is particularly multifaceted on account of the variation in number of roots and canal configuration. Maxilary first premolars with 3 roots are caled as smal molar or “radiculous” because of their similar anatomy to the maxilary first molars. The most demanding step in endodontic treatment is identification and proper access to pulp canals...

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and coronavirus anxiety levels patients who applied an endodontics clinic in Turkey during Covid-19 pandemic. 
 Methods: A total 212 between January 1 31 2021, were asked complete a questionnaire that included demographic information, history, scores. After examined by endodontist, their complaint, pain level—using Verba...

The periapical granuloma, one of the most common forms of dental pathosis, is characterized as a localized mass of chronic granulation tissue formed in response to infection with infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells, chiefly lymphocytes and plasma cells. 1 While this definition is satisfactory to the pathologist, it gives the endodontist no insight into the biological significance of this...

Objective: To find the inter-rater reliability of dentists from various specialties regarding observation and interpretation angle impacted third molars on OPG. Methodology: A cross sectional comparative study was conducted in College Dentistry, Sharif Medical Dental College, Lahore after obtaining ethical clearance committee Research Centre (SMRC) which four different namely; Oral Pathology, E...

To perform successful endodontic therapy, it is important to know the anatomy and morphology of the root canal system. Peculiarities with possible anatomic variations may lead to failure due to insufficient instrumentation and inadequate three-dimensional obturation of the root canal system.[1,2] Accurate radiographic examination using different horizontal angles is crucial for the endodontist ...

Endodontics has gained emphasis in the scientific community recent years due to increase clinical and animal models studies focused on endodontic medicine, which aims evaluate interrelationship between systemic periapical tissues pathological conditions. These have shown that changes can boost pathogenesis of infection, favoring its development progression. A contrary relationship is reported n...