The effect of hostage, the instar of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) parasitized, on the growth and development of Encarsia formosa (Gahan) was studied. E. formosa was able to parasitize and complete its life cycle no matter which instar of B. tabaci (Strain B), [also identified as B. argentifolii (Bellows and Perring)], was provided for oviposition, but parasitoid development was significantly slow...

Intercropping of aromatic plants provides an environmentally benign route to reducing pest damage in agroecosystems. However, the effect intercropping on natural enemies, another element which may be vital success integrated management approach, varies different systems. Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), has been reported repellent many insect species. In this study, impact sweet...

The role of selective new generation bioisecticides, beside their effectiveness against key pests, relies on safety to beneficial arthropods. Spinetoram, a semi-synthetic analogue the microbial-derived bioinsecticide spinosad is registered worldwide for application in numerous crops, but assessment its ecotoxicological risk arthropods has scarcely been documented. Moreover, this first report to...

Previously, analysis of 16S rDNA sequences placed a newly discovered lineage of bacterial symbionts of arthropods in the 'Bacteroidetes'. This symbiont lineage is associated with a number of diverse host reproductive manipulations, including induction of parthenogenesis in several Encarsia parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). In this study, electron microscopy and phylogenetic analysis ...