The ASTER scanner on NASA's Terra (EOS-AM1) satellite will collect five channels of TIR data with an NE∆T of ≤0.3K to estimate surface kinetic temperatures and emissivity spectra, especially over land, where emissivities are not known in advance. Temperature/emissivity separation (TES) is difficult because there are five measurements but six unknowns. Various approaches have been used to constr...

Microwave observations at low frequencies exhibit more sensitivity to surface and subsurface properties with little interference from the atmosphere. The objective of this study is to develop a global land emissivity product using passive microwave observations from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer – Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) and to investigate its sensitivity to land surface pr...

A mathematical model of a continuous reheating furnace has been developed to identify the design and operating parameters that significantly affect furnace performance. In this study, the furnace is modeled 3 dimensionally and theMonte Carlomethod is used to find the overall absorption factor. The overall absorption factor is then used to calculate the energy balance for furnace walls, the gas,...

Programmable thermal emissivity structures based on the bioinspired self-shape anisotropic materials were developed at macro-scale, and further studied theoretically at smaller scale. We study a novel concept, incorporating materials that are capable of transforming their shape via microstructural rearrangements under temperature stimuli, while avoiding the use of exotic shape memory materials ...

In this paper we evaluate data obtained during the VALEM (Validation of Land Surface Emissivity Models) experiment, which took place in September 1998 near Ludwigslust in north-eastern Germany. The emphasis of the Ž eld campaign was to generate datasets to validate land surface emissivity models in the microwave spectral range. We describe the approach to derive land surface emissivities from t...

Land surface temperature (LST) is a key parameter for a wide number of applications, including hydrology, meteorology and surface energy balance. In this study, we first proposed a new land surface emissivity (LSE) scheme, including a lookup table-based method to determine the vegetated surface emissivity and an empirical method to derive the bare soil emissivity from the Global LAnd Surface Sa...

Recent Visual and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS) images from the Ve-nus Express mission found emissivity variations on the venusian surface that correlate with some volcanic edifices and coronae [1-3]. Increased emissivity was noted near Quet-zalpetlatl Coronae, Atete Corona, Mertseger Mons, Shiwanokia and Shulamite Coronae in Themis Regio, Idunn Mons, Hathor Mons and Ininni Mon...

16 The goal of this work is to inter-compare four global land surface emissivity products over 17 various land-cover conditions to assess their consistency. The intercompared retrieved land 18 emissivity products were generated over five-year period (2003-2007) using observations from 19 the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer Earth Observing System (AMSR-E), Special 20 Sensor Microwave Imag...

Context. Variations in the dust emissivity are critical for gas mass determinations derived from far-infrared observations, but also for separating dust foreground emission from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Hi-GAL observations allow us for the first time to study the dust emissivity variations in the inner regions of the Galactic plane at resolution below 1◦. Aims. We present maps of ...

[1] Pronounced changes in land use and surface properties like those that have occurred in the Sahel could lead to reduced land surface emissivity and thus might have an asymmetric impact on daytime and nighttime surface air temperature. This paper analyzes the sensitivity of simulated climate and energy balance to changes in soil emissivity over the Sahel using the recently developed Community...