Just in Time (JIT) is a system designed to make an organization operate efficiently and with a minimum number of human and mechanical resources. JIT also improves quality, reduces inventory levels, and provides motivation to solve problems as soon as they occur. JIT can be defined as a system designed to eliminate waste in an organization. Waste is anything that does not add to the value of the...

We review arguments for and against reserve requirements and conclude that the main question is whether a distinction between money creation and intermediation can be made. We argue that such a distinction can be made in a money-in-advance economy and show that if the the money-inadvance constraint is universally binding then reserve requirements on checkable accounts have no effect on intermed...

It has long been recognized that government and public sector services suffer an innovation deficit compared to private or market-based services. This paper argues that this can be explained as an unintended consequence of the concerted public sector drive toward the elimination of waste through efficiency, accountability and transparency. Yet in an evolving economy this can be a false efficien...

The efficiency of an algorithm depends greatly on the data structure adopted in practice, while the processing of useless data can cause not only much waste of memory but also much waste of time. Hence to eliminate redundant information is one of the main focuses in the research of algorithms, and the issue has received extensive attention in real-time field (especially those based on dense/con...

Society should not accept the inevitability of rationing medical resources, at least not in the short term. Because of the high degree of waste and duplication that characterize the Canadian and, even more, the American healthcare system, the invitation to focus on rationing procedures known to be useful is likely to divert attention from the need to eliminate waste. If and when extensive ratio...

Industrial biotechnology processes have recently been exploited for an economic utilization of wastes to produce value added products. Of which, fish waste is one of the rich sources of proteins that can be utilized as low cost substrates for microbial enzyme production. Fish heads, tails, fins, viscera and the chitinous materials make up the wastes from fish industries. Processing these wastes...

At present scenario, Lean Manufacturing has become a world wide phenomenon. It is quite successful in drawing the attention of companies of all sizes. A large number of organizations are following Lean technologies and experiencing vast improvements in quality, production, customer service, and profitability. Lean Manufacturing is a systematic approach to identifying and eliminating waste throu...

Environmental decision making, particularly about hazardous waste management, is inherently exposed to a high potential conflict, principally because of the trade-off between sociopolitical, environmental, health and economic factors. The need to plan complex contexts has led to an increasing request for decision analytic techniques as support for the decision process. In this work, alternative...

Fusion devices appear to be a viable option for burning their own high-level waste (HLW). We propose a novel waste management strategy to eliminate (or minimize) the HLW generated by fusion systems. The main source of the fusion HLW includes the structural materials without impurity control, recycled materials, refractory metals, and liquid breeder cleanup and reprocessing systems. The basic id...