A novel method combined theoretical and experimental study for environmental friendly silver electroplating was introduced. Quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were employed for predicting the behaviour and function of the complexing agents. Electronic properties, orbital information, and single point energies of the 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMH), nicotinic acid (...

A flip-chip, batch transfer process for LIthographie, Galvanoformung and Abformung (LIGA) microstructures has been demonstrated by selective electroplating and bonding. Single layer LIGA microstructures with thickness of 200 m are fabricated on a dummy substrate first. They are then batch transferred to an IC substrate by means of bonding via electroplating. After the selective bonding process,...

A real time image-guided electroplating system is proposed in this paper. Unlike previous electroplating systems, instead of using the intermittent mode to electroplate 500um long copper specimen, a CCD camera and a motion controller are used to adjust anode-cathode distance to obtain better results. Since the image of the gap distance is highly deteriorated due to complex chemical-electrical o...

Metal deposition by electroplating has been extensively used and analyzed for industrial applications, but it remains insufficiently characterized for fabricating compliant micromechanisms. This research presents a new fabrication process for heterogeneous optimized compliant mechanisms that consists of placing two materials side by side as opposed to the convention of stacking materials layer ...

Abstract The article presents the possibility of recovering nickel from waste produced as a result wastewater neutralization during electrochemical surface treatment metals. Leaching sludge with concentrated hydrochloric acid enabled metals contained in precipitate to solution efficiency 74.4% (Se) 100% (Zn). content elements was determined using ICP-OES method. next step precipitation obtained...

BACKGROUND Occupational Cancer Monitoring (OCCAM) is an Italian organization that monitors occupational cancers, by area and industrial sector, by retrieving cases and employment history from official databases. OCCAM previously estimated a relative risk (RR) of lung cancer of about 1.32 among "metal treatment" workers in Lombardy, northern Italy, potentially exposed to chrome and nickel. In th...

Two series of electroplating experiments have been carried out onto mild steel substrate at 65 °C in several electroplating baths under different constant applied current densities. The objectives of the first series of experiments are to understand the behavior of electrodeposition of Cu and Sn in the several alkaline cyanide baths and to explore the electroplating conditions which are appropr...

Copper electrodeposition in high-aspect-ratio through-holes micromachined by deep reactive ion etching is one of the most essential processes for fabricating through-wafer interconnects, which will be used in developing future generation high-speed, compact 3D microelectronic devices. Although copper electrodeposition is a well-established process, completely void-free electroplating in very de...

Abstract Wastewater containing cobalt and copper comprised of plating wash water, plant equipment cooling water is generated in the electroplating industry. These metals can be detrimental to humans, animals, plants, environment. Thus, it necessary treat wastewater remove these toxic metals. Carbonate hydroxide precipitation were utilized for removal Co (II) Cu from synthetic by jar tests this ...