Objectives: Wheelchairs are the prime mobility aid of persons with spinal cord injuries. Manual wheelchair propulsion puts a lot of demand on the cardiopulmonary as well as the skeletal system. The main purpose of the study was to compare the effects of both arm ergometry training and progressive resistance exercise training of upper limbs on resting heart rate and distance covered during wheel...

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) has become much more important especially over the last decade due to incorporating advanced driver assistance and electric propulsion systems into conventional vehicle architecture. shielding is a conductive barrier used for protecting electronic circuits against external electromagnetic interference (EMI). Shielding effectiveness (SE) measure of performance...

Why does F equal ma in Newton's equation of motion? How does a gravitational field produce a force? Why are inertial mass and gravitational mass the same? It appears that all three of these seemingly axiomatic foundational questions have an answer involving an identical physical process: interaction between the electromagnetic quantum vacuum and the fundamental charged particles (quarks and ele...

BACKGROUND Rates of shoulder pain in individuals who use manual wheelchairs (MWCs) as their primary means of mobility have been reported to be as high as 70% during activities of daily living. Current prevailing thought is that mechanical impingement of the soft tissues that reside within the subacromial space between the humeral head and coracoacromial arch is a major contributor to the should...

This paper deals with the design and optimization of a 2.1 MW rim-driven electric thruster for ship propulsion. For this purpose, double stator ironless rotor axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motor is considered as propulsion motor. The analytical model selected AFPM presented. magnetic field in machine calculated using 3D charge concept combination image theory permeance functions to take in...

Performance measurements have been obtained of a novel propulsion concept called the Halo thruster under developmentwithin theUniversity of Surrey. TheHalo thruster, a type of cusped-field thrusterwith close similarity to the cylindrical Hall thruster, is motivated by the need for low-power and low-cost electric propulsion for the small satellite sector. Two versions of the device are investiga...

this paper presents numerical calculations for podded propulsion system using vortex theory and potential panel method. the method discretizes the surface boundary of the body (propeller +pod+strut) and obtained the vortex and propeller surface and potential on strut and pod. a model propeller and strut are considered for these calculations and the results of pressure distribution, flow field a...