the purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital (human capital efficiency, customer capital efficiency, and structural capital efficiency) and economic value added of the listed companies on the tehran stock exchange (tse). the population includes 39 firms selected through systematic sampling. the data is collected from the audited financial stat...

over the past years there has been a significant growth in corporate reporting of environmental,social and corporate governance (esg) factors. this study assesses whether esg ratings are related to firmperformance. through a multivariate analysis we have confirmed differences between the esg scores used toevaluate environmental, social and corporate governance factors of rated companies. we che...

over the past years there has been a significant growth in corporate reporting of environmental,social and corporate governance (esg) factors. this study assesses whether esg ratings are related to firmperformance. through a multivariate analysis we have confirmed differences between the esg scores used toevaluate environmental, social and corporate governance factors of rated companies. we che...

This paper explores the relationship between economic performance and US unionism. It first focuses on what we know based on empirical research that has been handicapped by limited data on establishment and firm level collective bargaining coverage. Evidence on the relationship of unions with wages, productivity, profitability, investment, debt, employment growth, and business failures are all ...

The connection between obtaining higher paying jobs and undertaking some seemingly irrelevant activity is interpreted as “social culture.” In the context of a society trying to adopt a new technology, I show that by allowing the firms to give preferential treatment to workers based on some “cultural activity,” the society can partially overcome an informational free-riding problem. Therefore, s...

We survey and assess the literature on the positive and negative e.ects of ethnic diversity on economic policies and outcomes. Our focus is on communities of di.erent size and organizational structure, such as countries, cities in developed countries, villages and groups in developing countries. We also consider the endogenous formation of political jurisdictions and we highlight several open i...