Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common viral infection of the reproductive tract, affecting both men and women. High-risk oncogenic types are responsible for almost 90% of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers including cervical cancer. Some of the HPV "early" genes, particularly E6 and E7, are known to act as oncogenes that promote tumour growth and malignant transformation. Most notably...

BACKGROUND Current vaccination strategies against Human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced ano-genital cancers mostly target E7 from HPV16. However, the oncogenic nature of E7 raises potential human safety issues. Although the modifications abrogating the E7 transforming potential have been well characterized, their effect on E7 immunogenicity has been poorly studied. In this study, we evaluated the ...

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) encode two oncogenes, E6 and E7, expressed in nearly all cervical cancers. In vivo, HPV-16 E7 has been shown to induce multiple phenotypes in the context of transgenic mice, including cervical cancer. E7 is a multifunctional protein known best for its ability to inactivate the tumor suppressor pRb. To determine the importance of pRb inactivation by E7 in c...

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E7 protein promotes the transformation of HPV infected epithelium to malignancy. Here, we use a murine model in which the E7 protein of HPV16 is expressed as a transgene in epithelium to show that mast cells are recruited to the basal layer of E7-expressing epithelium, and that this recruitment is dependent on the epithelial hyperproliferation induced by E7 by inac...

BACKGROUND Poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) is a biodegradable polymer currently used in many biomedical applications, including the production of resorbable surgical devices, porous scaffolds for tissue engineering, nanoparticles and microparticles for the controlled release of drugs or antigens. The surfaces of lamellar PLLA single crystals (PLLAsc) were provided with amino groups by reaction with a mu...

BACKGROUND Chimeric virus like particles (CVLPs) constructed by fusing human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E7 sequences into the C-terminus of the viral L1 gene constitute the first generation of preventive and therapeutic HPV vaccines. Even though vaccination with DNA is highly efficient in the induction of a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response utilization of a DNA vaccine in the HPV context, it ...

Complex formation between the human papilloma virus type 16 E7 protein (HPV-16 E7) and the retinoblastoma growth suppressor protein (RB) is believed to contribute to the process of cellular transformation that leads to cervical carcinoma. Genetic analysis of the HPV-16 E7 protein has shown that the segment of E7 homologous to the conserved region 2 of adenovirus 5 E1A protein is involved in bot...

The requirement for CD4 T cells in priming and maintaining cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses presents a long-standing paradox in cellular immunology. In this study, we used sequential coadministration of a DNA vaccine encoding an invariant (Ii) chain in which the class II-associated Ii-peptide region is replaced with CD4 T-helper epitope, PADRE [Pan human leukocyte antigen-DR reactive epitope (I...

Objective(s):Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is overexpressed in cervical cancer (CC). However, the molecular mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of eIF4E gene overexpression in CC. Materials andMethods:The human papillomavirus (HPV) type 18 E7 and eIF4E mRNAs were measured following knock down or overexpression of E7 gene by RT-P...