Introduction We have shown previously that C-labeled bicarbonate (HCO3 ) can be hyperpolarized using Dynamic Nuclear Polarisation (DNP) and that when this is injected in vivo, the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) rapidly interconverts this with carbon dioxide (CO2) [1]. Furthermore, we have also shown that selective saturation of the CO2 signal in vivo will decrease the H CO3 signal in the presen...

Fully analytical results for the first two moments of the heavy-quark vacuum polarisation function at four loops in quantum chromo-dynamics are presented. PACS: 12.38.-t, 12.38.Bx, 13.66.Bc, 13.85.Lg ∗Permanent address: Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980, Dubna (Moscow region), Russia.

We investigate the motion of a domain wall in the presence of a dynamical hyperfine field. At temperature T high compared to the hyperfine coupling, the nuclear spins create a spatially random potential landscape, with dynamics dictated by the nuclear relaxation time T2. The distribution of the domain wall relaxation times (both in the thermal and quantum regimes) can show a long tail, characte...

The distortionless enhancement by polarisation transfer (DEPT) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique, combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has been used to provide the first in situ spatially-resolved and quantitative measurement of chemical conversion and selectivity within a fixed-bed reactor using natural abundance 13C NMR.

In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic system of equations, a type of nuclear ssion reactor is solved analytically and numerically. Considering that the direct solution of three-dimensional dynamical systems analysis and more in order to determine the stability and instability, in terms of algebraicsystems is dicult. Using certain situations in mathematics called Hurwitz criterion, Necessary and ...

We report on experimental realisation of polarisation dynamic gratings recording in pure nematic liquid crystal. This work is devoted to the implementation writing a The registration mechanism based photorefractive effect cell filled with crystal under action an applied constant electric field. phenomenon does not require presence photoexcited charge carriers and explained by extremely high ani...

The dynamic spatial control of light fields is essential to a range of applications, from microscopy to optical micro-manipulation and communications. Here we describe the use of a single digital micro-mirror device (DMD) to generate and rapidly switch vector beams with spatially controllable intensity, phase and polarisation. We demonstrate local spatial control over linear, elliptical and cir...

BACKGROUND Animal vision spans a great range of complexity, with systems evolving to detect variations in light intensity, distribution, colour, and polarisation. Polarisation vision systems studied to date detect one to four channels of linear polarisation, combining them in opponent pairs to provide intensity-independent operation. Circular polarisation vision has never been seen, and is wide...