Understanding the dynamics of naturally occurring dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in a river is central to estimating surface water quality, aquatic carbon cycling, and global climate change. Currently, determination of DOC in surface water is primarily DDDAS developed in this study for estimating the real-time variation of DOC in a river ecosystem.

data envelopment analysis (dea) measures the relative efficiency of decision making units (dmus) with multiple inputs and multiple outputs. dea-based malmquist productivity index measures the productivity change over time. we propose a dynamic dea model involving network structure in each period within the framework a dea. we have previously published the network dea (ndea) and the dynamic dea ...