Duodenal ulcers occur in the duodenum – the upper portion of the small intestine as it leaves the stomach. A duodenal ulcer is characterized by the presence of a well-demarcated break in the mucosa that may extend into the muscularis propria [Thompson et al, 2010]. Cimetidine (C) was the first H2-Receptor Antagonist to receive regulatory approval (in the late 1970s) for the treatment of duodena...

Most discussions about the aetiology of duodenal ulcer depict the duodenal bulb as a battlefield, on which aggressive and defensive factors wage a continuous and continuing campaign for the integrity of the bulbar mucosa. When the scales are tipped in favour of aggression, an ulcer develops. The battlefield is unique, because it is chemical warfare that is usually thought to be taking place hen...

Since William Beaumont's classic description of gastric physiology in 1847, the focus of clinical practice and basic research concerning gastric and duodenal ulcers has centered on the secretion of acid and pepsin. In addition to these well-known factors (largely determined by heredity, age, and oral intake), the search for other agents that alter the mucosal barrier has identified a bacillus, ...

Helicobacter pylori infection is present in almost all patients with duodenal ulcers and 80-90% of patients with gastric ulcers, whereas the prevalence of infection among young adults without a history of ulcer is fairly low in Western countries. To investigate the importance of transmission from parent to child we assessed the relation between a parent’s history of gastric or duodenal ulcer an...

Most discussions about the aetiology of duodenal ulcer depict the duodenal bulb as a battlefield, on which aggressive and defensive factors wage a continuous and continuing campaign for the integrity of the bulbar mucosa. When the scales are tipped in favour of aggression, an ulcer develops. The battlefield is unique, because it is chemical warfare that is usually thought to be taking place hen...

OBJECTIVES We analyzed our experience with the laparoscopic approach for treating benign gastric lesions. METHODS Between June 1998 and June 2002, we performed 18 gastric resections with the laparoscopic approach for 7 pyloric stenoses, 8 recurrent duodenal ulcers, and 3 chronic gastric ulcers. RESULTS In our series, we performed Billroth II laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with no morbidity...

A review of 82 (68 male) Kelantanese patients with non-alcoholic cirrhosis who underwent gastroduodenal endoscopy revealed duodenal and gastric ulcers in 4.9% and 7.3% of patients respectively. Comparing with prevalence rates of peptic ulcer disease reported in the literature, there was no evidence to suggest that duodenal ulcers occur more frequently in patients with non-alcoholic cirrhosis. T...

Laparoscopic repair of perforated duodenal ulcers is safe and effective in centers with experience and increasingly performed by laparoscopic surgeons. However, the role of laparoscopy for the management of large duodenal perforations (>1 cm) is unclear. To date, no experience has been reported with emergency laparoscopic repair of large perforations for gastroduodenal ulcers. The commonest rea...

Deep-sea water (DSW), which is rich in micronutrients and minerals and with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities, may be developed as marine drugs to provide intestinal protection against duodenal ulcers. We determined several characteristics in the modified DSW. We explored duodenal pressure, oxygenation, microvascular blood flow, and changes in pH and oxidative redox potential (ORP) va...

PROLOGUE Peptic ulcer, an excavation in the mucosal lining penetrating below the muscularis mucosa of the stomach or duodenum (See Figure 1), is a common disorder. The incidence varies with the age, gender, and geographical location with duodenal ulcers occurring in approximately four to ten percent of the United States (U.S.) population and gastric ulcers occurring in less than one percent. Bo...