Successes of law enforcement in apprehending offenders are often publicized events. Such events have been found to result in temporary reductions in offending, or “residual deterrence”. We provide a theory of residual deterrence which accounts for the incentives of both enforcement officials and potential offenders. Our theory rests on the costs of reallocating enforcement resources. In light o...

The present article describes the profiling process developed at the Institute of Forensic Science of the School of Crime Sciences of the Faculty of Law at the University of Lausanne. The technique is oriented towards an operational approach that can be applied directly by drug units of local law enforcement authorities. The background of the development of that technique and issues relating to...

This article explores, from a public health perspective, the harm done by Canadian drug laws, to both individuals and society. It challenges the perceived dichotomy of legalization and criminalization of intravenous drugs. The article then expands the discussion by exploring eight legal options for illicit drugs and examines how these options interact with the marginalization of users, the illi...

Release welcomes the opportunity to respond to this Consultation process. Whilst we agree that ensuring road safety is important, from the proposals made in the consultation document it would appear that promotion of the Government’s overall drug strategy is taking priority over road safety issues. This is a continuation of the use of the criminal law to deter drug use despite evidence that thi...

s International: Section B: The Sciences & Engineering, 64, 2902.MALCOLM ET AL. 278 Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention / 5:3 August 2005

The possession of cannabis is an offence in all Australian jurisdictions. No exception is made for medical use under any of the State and Territory Drug Acts, nor the Commonwealth's pharmaceutical regulation scheme. Nevertheless, questions remain about the scope for defences argued on the basis of necessitous medical use. More fundamentally the increasingly favourable light in which the medical...

of the Editor. The authors were invited specifically to critique, or use as a stimulus, an article that appeared in the New York Times Magazine (June 20, 1999). The article, entitled "The Color of Suspicion" and authored by Jeffrey Goldberg, was an analysis of the practice that has come to be commonly known as racial profiling, articulated by Goldberg as "the stopping and searching of blacks be...

According to law enforcement, many witnesses are intoxicated either at the time of the crime, the interview, or both (Evans et al., Public Policy Law 15(3):194-221, 2009). However, no study to date has examined whether intoxicated witnesses' recall is different from sober witnesses' and whether they are more vulnerable to misinformation using an ecologically valid experimental design. Intoxicat...

This paper analyses how central‐local relations shape environmental enforcement in China. It does so by seeking to understand how existing decentralized structures as well as recent trends towards centralization relate to temporal and geographical variation in enforcement since 1999‐2011. The paper finds that enforcement over time has become stricter and more frequent, however without yet match...

This paper presents a behaviorologist' s analytical review of the improper treatment to which defendants might be subjected as they pass through the various levels of the criminal justice system. Examples extracted from actual cases are presented throughout the article.' It examines the contingencies that control those abuses, and describes the effects on the behavior of defendants and official...