background: this study aimed at determining the drug abuse pattern and the frequency of high-risk behaviors among the clients of methadone maintenance treatment centers and drop-in centers in shahroud county of semnan province. methods: in this cross-sectional study, the data collection tool was a questionnaire including 10 general and 32 specific items about drug abuse pattern and high-risk be...

patients and methods in this cross-sectional study, conducted in isfahan and kermanshah medical universities in iran, a total of 425 male medical students were randomly selected with the proportional to size from different faculties to participate voluntarily in the study. a self-report written questionnaire was applied to collect data. then, the obtained data were analyzed by spss version 20 u...

conclusions lower estimations in the nsu method might be due to the transmission barrier, which means that students were not fully aware of the high-risk behaviors of their close friends. nonetheless, it seems that these risky behaviors were more or less common among iranian college students. results the estimated prevalence using the cm and nsu were alcohol consumption (16.8% vs. 8.1%), opium ...

purpose: to examine the relationship between substance dependency and personality disorders.   materials and methods: ninety eight patients with substance dependency who had referred   to a psychiatry and substance rehabilitation center in tehran took part in this study. data were   collected using questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. participants were examined for   conduct and antis...

background: for psychiatric disorders, comorbidity is a rule rather than exception. thus it is particularly important to study additive and multiplicative effects of multiple mental disorders on suicidal behaviors. objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the ethnic differences in multiplicative effects of mental disorders on suicidal ideation among black adults in the united states...