Background: Brachytherapy treatment planning in cervix carcinoma patients using two dimensional (2D) orthogonal images provides only point dose estimates while CT-based planning provides volumetric dose assessment helping in understanding the correlation between morbidity and the dose to organs at risk (OARs) and treatment volume. Objective: Aim of present study is to compare Internationa...

background: hot lab is a specially designed room in a nuclear medicine hospital where the radiopharmaceuticals are delivered, stored and prepared for dispensing. 99mo/99mtc-generator is the major source in the hot lab used for various medical imaging. it is important to maintain a standard for hot lab procedures to optimize the patient care and minimize radiation exposure to all nuclear medicin...

Described are two alternatives to the weighing of patients for assessing the dose of ivermectin for use in mass chemotherapy campaigns against onchocerciasis. The first method uses height to separate patients into four dosing categories (1/2, 1, 11/2 and 2 tablets), while the second involves estimating one of these dosing categories according to an individual's physical appearance, without maki...

Neutrinos are present in the natural environment and are also produced by particle accelerators. A recent hypothesis has also been proposed that asserts that ionizing radiation due to neutrinos from certain astronomical events may have led to the extinction of some biological species. Thus, it is of interest to be able to estimate the dose equivalent due to these weakly interacting particles. P...

The routine assessment of patient dose in the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme is performed as part of the quality assurance protocol recommended by the Institute of Physical Sciences in Medicine. The mean glandular dose to a standard breast is deduced from measurement of the air kerma at the entrance surface of a 4 cm Perspex phantom by applying a series of conversion factors...

This report summarises work undertaken in support of a European Commission (EC) Concerted Action on CT that has included both a review and further development of the framework for CT dosimetry. The system previously established by the EC for reference doses in CT (with the quantities weighted CTDI (CTDIw) and dose-length product (DLP)) has been expanded to include subsequent developments in CT ...

Under the new U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Cancer Risk Assessment Guidelines [U.S. EPA, 2005. Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. EPA/630/P-03/001B, March 2005], the quantitative model chosen for cancer risk assessment is based on the mode-of-action (MOA) of the chemical under consideration. In particular, the risk assessment model depends on whether or not the chemical cau...