This paper presents a novel concept of "smart distribution system expansion planning (SDEP)" which expands the concept of demand response programs to be dealt with the long term horizon time. The proposed framework, integrates demand response resources (DRRs) as virtual distributed generation (VDG) resources into the distribution expansion planning. The main aim of this paper is to develop and ...

Distribution system planning is extremely important for the end consumers of electricity; it is indeed become necessity to explore the area of real term planning of distribution system. The practical planning of distribution system incorporates the selection of optimal conductor size selection and capacitor placement in radial distribution network in distribution system. The load flow needs to ...

This paper aims to investigate the integrated production/distribution and inventory planning for perishable products with fixed life time in the constant condition of storage throughout a two-echelon supply chain by integrating producers and distributors. This problem arises from real environment in which multi-plant with multi-function lines produce multi-perishable products with fixed life ti...

This paper presents an overview of the activities of CIGRE C6.19 Working Group (WG), focusing on the planning and optimization of active distribution systems. This builds on the recommendations of CIGRE WG C6.11 that focused on the development and operation of active distribution networks (ADNs). The C6.19 WG aims at addressing the following issues: (i) Survey on the state of the art on plannin...

This study explores how the metal materials of the applicator influence the dose distribution when performing brachytherapy for cervical cancer. A pinpoint ionization chamber, Monte Carlo code MCNPX, and treatment planning system are used to evaluate the dose distribution for a single Ir-192 source positioned in the tandem and ovoid. For dose distribution in water with the presence of the tande...