Results of our experiments showed that the attachment of bacteria to surfaces provided the greatest increase in disinfection resistance. Attachment of unencapsulated Klebsiella pneumoniae grown in medium with high levels of nutrients to glass microscope slides afforded the microorganisms as much as a 150-fold increase in disinfection resistance. Other mechanisms which increased disinfection res...

A cheap method by which hospital blankets may be effectively disinfected (approximately 3d. per blanket) is described. A recommendation is made that blankets from the patients' beds be divided into: ;socially dirty' blankets to be laundered, possibly at infrequent intervals; and ;socially clean' blankets to be disinfected frequently. The wide range of a synthetic phenolic compound is described....

Potentially harmful disinfection byproducts (DBPs), as a significant challenge in water treatment, are formed when oxidizing disinfectants react with natural organic matters (NOM). Unfortunately, an  unwanted  side  effect  is  the  formation  of  harmful by-products,  such  as  THMs  and  HAAs, following the chlorination stage. DBPs  cause a variety of diseases like cancer in humans.  In this ...

In this work, the behavior of the polycyclic musks 6-acetyl-1,1,2,4,4,7-hexamethyltetraline (AHTN) and 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-γ-2-benzopyran (HHCB) was investigated upon disinfection by using sodium hypochlorite as disinfectant in a model disinfection basin in order to find new disinfection by-products (DBP). In the case of AHTN, the carboxylic acid 3,5,5,6,8,8-h...

BACKGROUND: The current standards for chlorine and monochloramine disinfection of drinking water were established using information obtained from bench-scale disinfection experiments of monodispersed hepatitis A virus. It is not clear whether these standards are sufficient for the four virus types listed on the CCL2. Several disinfection studies have been conducted on representative coxsackievi...

Antiseptic preparations used repeatedly to disinfect the skin caused a reduction in yield of resident flora to a low equilibrium level beyond which further reduction did not occur. This equilibrium varied with the antiseptic preparation used. In a comparison of three preparations, the lowest equilibrium level was obtained with 95% ethyl alcohol. The further reduction in yield of skin bacteria o...